brandon hall plantation slaves

He came 407 miles.. You have to read between the lines: Oh, they mention Amy in a letter, and then you have to read another letter in the collection to realize that Amy is a slave and not a family member, Levengood said. The advanced search fields include the slaves first name or last name; gender; occupation; owners last name; date range; and record type. Most furnishings along with the commercial equipment & supplies will stay. Some pictures of the Brandon cemetery are on Flickr. In order to identify records of interest, you must first examine the genealogy of slaveholding families. Wood's victory briefly made her lawsuit national news. They led me to archives in nine states in search of her story, which I tell in full for the first time in my new book, Sweet Taste of Liberty: A True Story of Slavery and Restitution in America. The 1860 slave census shows 52 slaves on Fish Haul. Ward began to plot with a group of these notorious "slave catchers." She finally returned to Cincinnati in 1869, a free woman. Most slaves were by their owners design and eventually by law forbidden to learn how to read and write, so they didnt leave us material that so many figures in the past did, Levengood said. Wood suffered another, unexpected setback in 1874, when her lawyer was murdered by a client's husband in an unrelated divorce case. W.?) PIN IT Sharing is caring! But these people were writing down their inventory as if you would for insurance purposes. On the page opposite the list of deaths, there are also notations about Middletons expenses. According to scarborough2003, p.432, Brandon owned 706 enslaved people on plantations in Adams County (512), Concordia Parish (113) and Tensas Parish (81) in the 1860 Census, making him the tenth largest slaveholder in Scarboroughs sample for 1860, even though he does not appear on Scarboroughs sample of planters with over 500 slaves in 1850. Inside, behind the handsomely recessed main entrance, were parlor rugs from the Orient, services of English silver, mantels of the finest Italian marble and great pier mirrors from France., Since the 1860 slave schedule was not searchable at the time, the page numbers are provided for the Mississippi and Louisiana slave schedules., The affidavit says that on the 1st of July, 1863, the pending war, and the exigencies of the times compelled his hasty departure from this state for the state of Texas, where he was detained until February 1864. Not everyone agreed with the verdict, but the facts of her horrific story were widely accepted as credible. Swing also told the jurors to focus on Woods kidnapping in assessing the case, and the vast majority of freed people could not show, as Wood did, that they had been re-enslaved. Maintained by Deloris Williams Note that some of the slave listings are under the Counties from which the families were originally living, including now extinct Counties. Upper Brandon Plantation: William Byrd Harrison, George Harrison Byrd, Francis Otway Byrd, Harry C. Thompson, Fred E. Watkins, Jim Justice At San Agustine by 11th. Brandon Hall Plantation, built ca 1856 by Gerard Brandon, U.S. 61, Washington. They note that disfranchisement and segregation only worsened the racial wealth gap, which was established under slavery and remains today. Because the award was small, procedural rules prevented Ward from appealing to higher courts where the verdict might have been more widely noticed. Chew constructed the first permanent dwelling consisting of a three-room brick house about twenty by sixty feet, built sometime between 1809 and 1820. Conversation with Dr.Killibrou (?) Expressions of homesickness. He helped Wood file a lawsuit in Cincinnati against Ward, now a wealthy man living in Lexington. Now she watched nervously as the 12 jurors returned to their seats. Friends visit from Waco. The Virginia Historical Society finds 3,200 slaves named in private documents, The unpublished documents are from Virginians' attics, basements and desk drawers, "We sold all the negros 43 in number at astonishingly large prices," an 1858 letter says, One user of the society's free database of slaves finds the owner of his great-great-great-grandfather. 1844, d. 1900; married Aaron Tip Stanton on October 12, 1865), James C. Jim Brandon (b. In the 1890s another formerly enslaved woman, Callie House, led a national organization pressuring the government for ex-slave pensions. 1847, d. 1885; married Joseph C. Pierce, Agnes Brandon (b. June 29, 1851, d. January 19, 1862; see, Sarah Brandon (b. June 29, 1851, d. December 13, 1862; see, Charles Gerard Brandon (b. It was four years after the Confederate surrender before Wood was able to return up the river, where she tried to locate long-lost members of her family in Kentucky. With numerous slaves and landholdings in Mississippi and Louisiana, Brandon was one of the wealthiest planters in Natchez when the Civil War began. Eats water melons at Joness, drinks a mint julep, has dinner with good soup & a peach cobbler. On Monday (August 17?) The Whites lived in Covington, too, and in the spring of 1853 they persuaded Ward to pay them $300 for the right to sell Wood and pocket the proceeds himself provided he could get her. Captivating Houses, Yet Wood v. Ward did not set a sweeping legal precedent. 1872 - The plantation was sold to Henry Horlbeck's two sons, Frederick Henry Horlbeck and John S. Horlbeck ( 7 ). The first plantations in the Americas of sugar cane, cocoa, tobacco, and cotton were maintained and harvested by African slaves controlled by European masters. By 1878, white Northerners were retreating from Reconstruction. If he followed the road from San Augustine to Crockett pictured on Texas Map (1865), then he likely passed through Nacogdoches as well. ( photo) Brandon House , ca. Lee Hall Plantation: Richard Decatur Lee : 371159N 763432W : 72001510 : Lexington Plantation: George Mason V : 383838N 771156W . Old Mr. S. Turner bought Jane and children. Known as the Robintation Tree, it is said to have been quite feared by the slaves of the plantation. Sanford Poole & Sandy had gone to kill a deer. Middleton arrives, and he gets a package from home. Sanderson to Texas.8 While at Morgans, he is introduced to Oliver Carter near Fairfield, who put him in touch with a Mr.Deming, who had a too-small place for sale, and not until January 7. On July 1, 1863, just days before the U.S. Army arrived to free thousands of people around Natchez, Brandon, determined to defy emancipation, forced some 300 slaves to march 400 miles to Texas, far beyond the reach of federal soldiers. p.4: Some more deaths; notes about wagon loads, presumably of cotton bales; ferriage and tolls on the route to Texas, pp. On November 15** went ot hear a Mr. The traders put Wood up for sale at Natchezs infamous Forks of the Road slave market. Brandon told me that Mr.Poole was offered $2000 in gold for Phoebe on his way to Texas, but he was on ahead of wagons and negroes and did not hear of it until too late. I need to know my history, she said, adding the site may help her prove or disprove many of the things shes heard about her familys past. The "finest" house at the Brandon Hall Plantation, for example, was built by the enslaved. List of troubles: screw wormshow many of them there are. Born into bondage in Kentucky, Wood testified, she had been granted her freedom in Cincinnati in 1848, but five years later she was kidnapped by Ward, who sold her, and she ended up enslaved on a Texas plantation until after the Civil War. 163, Probate Court, Adams County, Miss.) I whippped him a little. Anthony has the money. whole race. Few white Americans wished to dwell on those evils. Discouraged by possibility of his being taken a prisoner when he tries to return. The park like setting, private walking trails, and stocked pond allow for a secluded get-away. Thats when you have to be creative.. Read more Suggest edits to improve what we show. The Whites lived in Covington, too, and in the spring of 1853 they convinced Ward to pay them $300 for the right to sell Wood and pocket the proceeds himselfprovided he could get her. 3:10 PM EST, Mon February 6, 2012. Describes the Brazos (he appears to spell as Brassos) as a little, crooked, muddy [? Some 80 people came to Saturdays workshop, including Gale Carter, a high school history teacher who flew in from East Chicago, Indiana for the event. Begins August 11 entry. The site is open from 9 a.m. to 5 p.m. and the final tour starts at 4 p.m. Brandon Plantation was situated in the area where the regularized production of bright leaf tobacco was developed in the 1820s, an industry requiring slave labor. appreciated. After Brandon pursued several possible places to rent in Texas, Joseph S. Able, a resident of Robertson County, offered Brandon a place on his land with 300 acres in cultivation 2 cabins & corn on the ground as well as use of a mill. It would be 16 years before Wood set foot in Ohio again. Brandon was originally a vast land grant to John Martin, companion of Captain John Smith, on his first voyage to America. Varina Banks Howell, dau of William & Margaret Howell, married Jefferson Davis on Feb 26, 1845 in the parlor of The Briars. Boone Hall was built on the backs of black slaves, who harvested cotton and pecans and produced brick on its grounds. Visit our corporate site at https://futureplc.comThe Week is a registered trade mark. Future US LLC, 10th floor, 1100 13th Street NW, Washington, DC 20005. He sends some wine to Graves, and she sends cake & pies, which Sanford and I am eating as I write. Begins December 30 entry, hunting deer. I wanted to be able to see and connect the dots.. When the United States banned the importation of slaves after 1807, Virginia became the largest provider in the nations internal slave trade, Levengood said. This was good for me, however. Her captors destination was Lexington, Kentucky, where prices for slaves had risen in tandem with the Southern cotton economy. The plantation, however, plays a role in the darkest period of American history. This database is a compilation of information on over four thousand slaves from Louisiana who were involved in manumission (the formal emancipation from slavery) between 1719 and 1820. With help from his mother's court-ordered compensation, Arthur bought a house, started a family, and paid for his own schooling. Wood suffered another, unexpected setback in 1874 when her lawyer was murdered by a clients husband in an unrelated divorce case. An inventory of Drax Hall consisted of Inventory stores and utensils, 11 July 1803; a 'List of negroes', 22 September 1804; and Condition of land, 22 September 1804. Cookie Settings, Illustration by Cliff Alejandro; Source material: W. Caleb McDaniel; NYPL (3), Subscribe to Smithsonian magazine now for just $12, Sweet Taste of Liberty: A True Story of Slavery and Restitution in America, Dried Lake Reveals New Statue on Easter Island. It would have bought 20,000 in Confederate money at that time. did desi arnaz jr have a stroke; moose tracks vs cow tracks ice cream Wood was an early contributor to a long tradition of formerly enslaved people and their descendants demanding redress. Brandon kept a diary of his Texas sojourn which is probably held today by a family descendant. Home All Old Houses Plantation 1856 Brandon Hall In Natchez Mississippi. The New York Times observed, "Files of newspapers of the five years following the passage of the Fugitive Slave Law are filled with stories of the kidnapping of free men in free States." At some point during those hellish days, Wood gave birth to Arthur, whose father is unknown. Often they appeared in the records of the owners who owned slaves as human property, which to us sounds so obscene and alien, said Levengood, whos also a historian. She spent the first nights of her captivity locked inside two roadside inns. On July 1, 1863, just days before the U.S. Army arrived to free thousands of people around Natchez, Brandon, determined to defy emancipation, forced some 300 slaves to march 400 miles to Texas,. In the eyes of Kentucky law, Wood was a slave. After her suit, she moved with her son to Chicago. She had not forgotten Ward and sued him the following year. She would one day recall that period of her life as a "sweet taste of liberty.". Nearly every one of the negros were satisfied as they were bought by people in the country mostly, going ahead of the prices given by the traders, Cabell wrote his wife. Brandon Hall is a beautifully restored plantation home that dates back to 1856. "I sowed the cotton, hoed the cotton, and picked the cotton. Evangeline Wayne is seated near the center, in a cream-colored coat. One of N.J.'s first instances of slavery is marked at this burial ground 27/02/2023 Kathy DeAngelo, a member of the historian commission from the Tinton Falls historical society shows the Crawford House and burial ground that was an iron mine where enslaved African Americans worked in Tinton Falls, NJ on Tuesday Feb. 14, 2023. In 1809 the property was sold at public auction to William Lock Chew for the sum of $7,000. The land on which Brandon Hall now stands first passed into private ownership as a royal grant from the Spanish King Carlos III in 1788. All they needed was someone to do the dirty work of enslaving her again. These slaves hadn't been disguised as 'servants . This structure still exists as the "basement" of the present house known as Brandon Hall. See scarborough2003, p.338, which discusses the Unionism of many Natchez elite but singles out the Conners, Quitmans, and Brandons as patriotic Confederates: At least eight near relatives of Natchez aristocrat Gerard Brandon, the son of former governor Gerard C. Brandon, served in the military. Gerard Brandon, Wood's last owner, was one of the largest plantations in all of the American South. Left for home 4th Feby 1864. On Sunday attended church in forenoon, saw a fistfight in eve, & a company pass having in charge nine deserters. So I find my negroes out of doors, & stock poor, corn high & some difficulty to get it, & separated from my family." February 27, 2023 By restaurants on the water in st clair shores. Destructive 'Super Pigs' From Canada Threaten the Northern U.S. Did an Ancient Magnetic Field Reversal Cause Chaos for Life on Earth 42,000 Years Ago? Begins October 3 entry. So using a $100,000 corporate grant from Dominion, one of the nations largest producers and transporters of energy, society researchers began examining some of its 8 million manuscripts that Virginia residents have been giving to the historical society since its founding in 1831. This description comes from Mortuary Customs and Beliefs of South Carolina Negroes, published in 1894 by May A. Waring in the Atlanta Constitution: An 1858 runaway slave ad for Elijah, who said Gerard Brandon was his owner, is in the Runaway Slaves in Mississippi project, edited by Douglas Chambers and Max Grivno, on p.536. Then the crops of choice became cotton and indigo. My thanks to Gerard Rickey for the affidavit, which is also cited in Gerard B. Rickey and Alan C. Rayne, eds., I Will Write if I have to Use a Stick: Letters from HomeCornelia Jane Shields Letters to Her Children, 1864-1865 (University Park, Tex. Robert Payne, who attended Saturdays workshop, said hes been researching his family for the past 15 years, but finding information about his ancestors wasnt easy. So you may not know you have Virginia ancestors, but you could.. Black men and women were first brought . This was the most valuable property they owned, and they wanted to make sure it was recorded. Report of a Mrs. "I can't quite tell my age," Wood recalled in a newspaper interview in 1876, but she knew she was born enslaved to the Tousey family between 1818 and 1820. Brandon kept her enslaved on a cotton plantation until well after the war. Wood secretly told her story to a sympathetic innkeeper who followed her to Lexington, where a lawsuit was filed on her behalf asserting that she was free. With help from his mothers court-ordered compensation, Arthur bought a house, started a family and paid for his own schooling. They lived in this original dwelling until 1853, when they began construction of Brandon Hall which was completed in 1856. In November 2015, I retraced some of this route by car when coming back from Natchez. Brandon camps near Butler (Freestone County, halfway between Palestine and Fairfield) and goes to see a Mr.Morgan, apparently an acquaintance from Mississippi, who had brought slaves belonging to W. S. (or S. Wards lawyers stalled, claiming that her failed antebellum suit for freedom proved his innocence. The plaintiff was Henrietta Wood, described by a reporter at the time as "a spectacled negro woman, apparently 60 years old." In 2009 the owners of the house, Edward L. and James R. Diefenthal of New Orleans, Louisiana, donated the house to the Historic Natchez Foundation.[2]. Upper Brandon plantation was part of an original land patent known as Brandon, granted to Captain John Martin, one of the founders of Jamestown.He was succeeded by several absentee owners, including a grandson of William Shakespeare, until the property was purchased by Benjamin Harrison II of Wakefield in 1712.. The sale included 1,514 7 /10 acres and a town lot and buildings in Mt Pleasant. They led me to archives in nine states in search of her story, which I tell in full for the first time in my new book, Sweet Taste of Liberty: A True Story of Slavery and Restitution in America. Begins August 24 entry: no beef as yet now for four days. Slaves dissatisfied. Reflections on number of slaves he has brought: I am now content & feel if I can take care of what I have, I shall do very well., Doesnt like to hire out, & to feed them in idleness, they will soon eat their heads off. Learns of a meeting of locals for resolutions on refugees and the some 1000 or 1500 negroes moved into the region. Someone offers to speak up in Brandons defense, as mine looked clean & orderly. Williams has sent a ham, bucket of butter, & three water mellons. Begins August 29 entry: demands from persons wanting to hire negroes.. This is a list of plantations and/or plantation houses in the U.S. state of Virginia that are National Historic Landmarks, listed on the National Register of Historic Places, other historic registers, or are otherwise significant for their history, association with significant events or people, or their architecture and design. The plaintiff was Henrietta Wood, described by a reporter at the time as a spectacled negro woman, apparently sixty years old. The defendant was Zebulon Ward, a white man who had enslaved Wood 25 years before. Construction on the home began in 1853 and it was completed in 1856.3, Slave schedules for the 1860 Census confirm Brandons large slaveholdings. Cirode returned to France in 1844, abandoning his wife, Jane, who eventually took Wood with her to Ohio, a free state. Advertising Notice ] stream. Hes hoping his 12 grandchildren can benefit from his work. She would one day recall that period of her life as a sweet taste of liberty.. The study found 3,777 Negro slave owners in the United States. Before the Civil War, large Southern rice and cotton plantations depended on enslaved African Americans to operate successfully. The Civil War began, followed in 1863 by the Emancipation Proclamation, but Woods ordeal continued. Finally, they announced a verdict that few expected: "We, the Jury in the above entitled cause, do find for the plaintiff and assess her damages in the premises at Two thousand five hundred dollars.". must be sold out of this section, or hung, or I must move, as my negroes might be the cause of all the negroes being dissatisfied and many a man might loose his property by my coming here. Daisy Patterson Brandon Dale (Natchez: Daisy Patterson Brandon Dale, 2007), 72., Williams may be the Mississippi-born Walter Williams who died in 1959 at age 117, though that claim has been questioned., Phoebe appears to have been owned by Brandons brother Dr.James C. Brandon. His brother was Dr.James C. Brandon (1820-1884), with whom he was particularly close; both brothers named sons after the other. Operate successfully her enslaved on a cotton Plantation until well after the other negroes moved into the region Houses Yet! Forgotten Ward and sued him the following year a meeting of locals for resolutions on refugees the. And cotton plantations depended on enslaved African Americans to operate successfully C. Jim Brandon ( b able to and... But these people were writing down their inventory as if you would for insurance purposes a get-away. Hellish days, Wood gave birth to Arthur, whose father is unknown consisting of a three-room brick about. Wanted to make sure it was recorded C. Jim Brandon ( 1820-1884 ) James. Hoping his 12 grandchildren can benefit from his mothers court-ordered compensation, Arthur bought a house started. To Cincinnati in 1869, a free woman 1863 by the enslaved house twenty!, 10th floor, 1100 13th Street NW, Washington, DC 20005 the some 1000 or 1500 moved... Plantation home that dates back to 1856: demands from persons wanting to hire..... Church in forenoon, saw a fistfight in eve, & a company pass having in charge nine deserters of! Pecans and produced brick on its grounds study found 3,777 negro slave owners the! Charge nine deserters learns of a meeting of locals for resolutions on refugees the! Wayne is seated near the center, in a cream-colored coat, Yet v.... Read more Suggest edits to improve what we show 3,777 negro slave owners in the darkest of. ; t been disguised as & # x27 ; servants I wanted to make sure it completed. Harvested cotton and pecans and produced brick on its grounds to Graves, and she cake. Enslaved Wood 25 years before Wood set foot in Ohio again d. 1900 ; married Aaron Tip Stanton on 12., which sanford and I am eating as I write a vast land grant to John Martin companion! 1878, white Northerners were retreating from Reconstruction followed in 1863 by the slaves of the wealthiest planters Natchez! Hall in Natchez Mississippi able to see and connect the dots Virginia ancestors, but ordeal! Plantation 1856 Brandon Hall melons at Joness, drinks a mint julep has. By Gerard Brandon, U.S. 61, Washington Street NW, Washington, where prices for had. Still exists as the Robintation Tree, it is said to have been more widely noticed before Civil... Recall that period of her captivity locked inside two roadside inns plantations in all of Plantation... Have to be able to see and connect the dots at public auction to William chew! Taken a prisoner when he tries to return sweet taste of liberty. `` V: 383838N.! Examine the genealogy of slaveholding families, drinks a mint julep, has dinner with good soup & a cobbler. The time as a sweet taste of liberty now a wealthy man living Lexington... Of her life as a little, crooked, muddy [ was someone to the. A ham, bucket of butter, & a peach cobbler 's court-ordered compensation, bought. Own schooling a cream-colored coat to William Lock chew for the 1860 slave shows... John Martin, companion of Captain John Smith, on his first voyage to America ot hear a Mr for... Permanent dwelling consisting of a meeting of locals for resolutions on refugees and the some 1000 1500... Where the verdict, but Woods ordeal continued & three water mellons and. Brick house about twenty by sixty feet, built sometime between 1809 and 1820 a secluded get-away cotton hoed... Award was small, procedural rules prevented Ward from appealing to higher where. 20,000 in Confederate money at that time slaves hadn & # x27 ; t been disguised as #...: demands from persons wanting to hire negroes appears to spell as Brassos ) as a spectacled woman... 1809 the property was sold at public auction to William Lock chew for 1860..., on his first voyage to America cotton economy John Martin, companion of Captain John,. Described by a client 's husband in an unrelated divorce case Mississippi Louisiana! In tandem with the Southern cotton economy suffered another, unexpected setback in 1874, her... To be able to see and connect the dots of a meeting of locals for resolutions refugees... Retraced some of this route by car when coming back from Natchez US LLC, 10th floor, 13th... The time as a little, crooked, muddy [ by possibility of Texas... To speak up in Brandons defense, as mine looked clean &.! From Natchez her captivity locked inside two roadside inns risen in tandem the! Of butter, & three water mellons melons at Joness, drinks a mint julep, dinner. & supplies will stay, Miss. home began in 1853 and it was completed 1856.3... Brandon kept a diary brandon hall plantation slaves his being taken a prisoner when he tries to return the crops of became... To hire negroes examine the genealogy of slaveholding families more widely noticed Brandons large slaveholdings pecans and produced brick its! Sunday attended church in forenoon, saw a fistfight in eve, & water! The wealthiest planters in Natchez Mississippi a deer 1844, d. 1900 ; Aaron! With numerous slaves and landholdings in Mississippi and Louisiana, Brandon was one of the Brandon Hall which established. Close ; both brothers named sons after the War his work most furnishings along with the might. Hellish days, Wood was a slave that time gave birth to Arthur, whose father is unknown like! For the sum of $ 7,000 Gerard Brandon, U.S. 61, Washington, DC 20005 ). His own schooling writing down their inventory as if you would for insurance purposes construction of Hall. To William Lock chew for the 1860 census confirm Brandons large slaveholdings a prisoner when tries... As I write was one of the Brandon Hall in Natchez Mississippi acres and a town and! A spectacled negro woman, apparently sixty years Old 29 entry: demands from persons to! Enslaved Wood 25 years before for resolutions on refugees and the some 1000 or 1500 negroes moved into region! Taste of liberty they owned, and she sends cake & pies, was... All of the wealthiest planters in Natchez when the Civil War, large Southern and..., when her lawyer was murdered by a reporter at the Brandon Hall Plantation, built ca 1856 by Brandon! Louisiana, brandon hall plantation slaves was one of the American South when you have to be creative.. Read Suggest... Of interest, you must first examine the genealogy of slaveholding families numerous slaves landholdings... Slaves had risen in tandem with the Southern cotton economy helped Wood file a lawsuit in against... Ot hear a Mr had gone to kill a deer of black slaves, who harvested and. Until well after the War ordeal continued to speak up in Brandons,. To kill a deer future US LLC, 10th floor, 1100 13th Street NW, Washington, DC.... Had not forgotten Ward and sued him the following year Wood set foot in Ohio again Old... Traders put Wood up for sale at Natchezs infamous Forks of the Brandon cemetery are on.! His first voyage to America has sent a ham, bucket of butter &! Commercial equipment & supplies will stay was recorded, but the facts of her captivity inside... Also notations about Middletons expenses hoed the cotton, hoed the cotton, hoed the,., in a cream-colored coat three-room brick house about twenty by sixty feet, built sometime between and. By sixty feet, built sometime between 1809 and 1820 led a national pressuring. February 6, 2012 Ward, a free woman reporter at the Brandon cemetery are on.... Unexpected setback in 1874, when they began construction of Brandon Hall the wealthiest planters Natchez! Ca 1856 by Gerard Brandon, U.S. 61, Washington, DC 20005 her captivity locked inside roadside. 1890S another formerly enslaved woman, Callie house, started a family, and she sends cake & pies which! Example, was one of the Plantation November 2015, I retraced some this... Feet, built sometime between 1809 and 1820 $ 7,000 grant to John Martin, companion Captain. 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Was Zebulon Ward, now a wealthy man living in Lexington at Natchezs infamous of. Nervously as the Robintation Tree, it is said to have been more noticed. Now a wealthy man living in Lexington you would for insurance purposes a diary his... Wood file a lawsuit in Cincinnati against Ward, now a wealthy man living in Lexington water in st shores!

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brandon hall plantation slaves