With regard to other types of transactions where a bank is acting solely as an intermediary and fails to block transactions involving a sanctions target, OFAC will consider the totality of the circumstances surrounding the banks processing of the transaction, including the factors listed above, to determine what, if any, enforcement action to take against the bank. Finally, OFAC investigations . The U.S. law requires that any assets and accounts of an OFAC-specified individual, entity, or country be blocked when such property is located in the U.S., is held by U.S. individuals/entities, or comes into possession of U.S. individuals or entities. In the case of certain programs, such as those regarding Cuba and North Korea, foreign subsidiaries owned or controlled by U.S. companies also must comply. 45. The banking, credit union and money business sectors have always been subject to particularly close scrutiny and restrictive regulation for anti-money laundering, anti-bribery (i.e., FCPA and PEP compliance) and other practices. While not required by specific regulation, but as a matter of sound banking practice and in order to mitigate the risk of noncompliance with OFAC requirements, banks should establish and maintain an effective, written OFAC compliance program that is commensurate with their OFAC risk profile (based on products, services, customers, and geographic locations). 153A blocked account is a segregated interest-bearing account (at a commercially reasonable rate), which holds the customer's property until the target is delisted, the sanctions program is rescinded, or the customer obtains an OFAC license authorizing the release of the property. She later progressed to digital media marketing with various finance platforms in San Francisco. The following transactions are subject to OFAC regulations: * Transactions involving trade with Iran, North Korea, Sudan and Syria * Transactions involving loans from sanctioned countries/people (e.g., loans from Cuba) * Transactions involving listed individuals and entities (including those on the SDN list) OFAC is a set of sanctions that have . One example would be the Sudanese Sanctions Regulations (SSR) which does not support commercial activities in Sudan. The New Investment Ban EO prohibits new investment in Russia by a US person, wherever located, although the term new investment is not defined. OFAC has created the OFAC Reporting System (ORS) which is an electronic reporting platform accessible to the public for accepting reports on blocked property and rejected transactions required by the Reporting, Procedures and Penalties Regulations, 31 C.F.R. The banks policies, procedures, and processes should also address how it will determine whether an initial OFAC hit is a valid match or a false hit. The White House fact sheet on these measures can be found here. This is true even in instances where such a transaction is passing through a U.S. bank that (1) is operating solely as an intermediary, (2) does not have any direct relationship with the entity (e.g., the entity is a non-account party), and (3) does not know or have reason to know the entitys ownership or other information demonstrating the blocked status of the entitys property. Frequently Asked Questions," can be found on OFACs Web site. For the residual unbatched transactions in the file that are not "on-us," as well as those situations where banks deal with unbatched ACH records for reasons other than to strip out the on-us transactions, banks should determine the level of their OFAC risk and develop appropriate policies, procedures, and processes to address the associated risks. She prides herself on reverse-engineering the logistics of successful content management strategies and implementing techniques that are centered around people (not campaigns). All U.S. persons must comply with OFAC regulations, including all U.S. citizens and permanent resident aliens regardless of where they are located, all persons and entities within the United States, all U.S. incorporated entities and their foreign branches. The bank should maintain documentation of its OFAC checks on new accounts, the existing customer base and specific transactions. However, because blocking reports require only limited information, if the bank is in possession of additional information not included on the OFAC blocking report , a separate SAR should be filed with FinCEN that would include such information. Authored by our Global Sanctions Team. Deputy BSA and OFAC Officer. Banks must keep a full and accurate record of each rejected transaction for at least five years after the date of the transaction. For screening purposes, the bank should clearly define its criteria for comparing names provided on the OFAC list with the names in the banks files or on transactions and for identifying transactions or accounts involving sanctioned countries. OFAC can issue a license to engage in an otherwise prohibited transaction when it determines that the transaction does not undermine the U.S. policy objectives of the particular sanctions program, or is otherwise justified by U.S. national security or foreign policy objectives. L. No. Non-US persons can be held liable for causing violations by US persons involving transactions with SDNs and can also be subject to secondary sanctions risks (which would include, in particular, the risk of designation as an SDN themselves) for providing material support to SDNs. Is there a dollar limit on which transactions are subject to OFAC regulations? . sUE2:GD}Y}x}GQcuZ8(,tjEQWe5Z=qMh^G=h_1"ikXucu>a#>v]XE>VGUY,V((c:F a=1}DVFjUO#:V_>f_yY;o^7V]hG 8vnDWvcr6jG{(fU8jEUPXyu6j\_GVQZkic}D]yqjn]Oj{;Y|gj-{;koDloYpBIoi}VVT&ZG}vgX>WUH_WU_w=V}VmzpglVU_=^hWwcV}cs>V{j-wQ*>7k>V]WwfjVlOjnz5x9Vj97g Dollars or . On April 6, 2022, the US Department of the Treasurys Office of Foreign Assets Control (OFAC) added two of Russias largest banks, Public Joint Stock Company Sberbank of Russia (Sberbank) and Joint Stock Company Alfa Bank (Alfa-Bank), and their subsidiaries to the Specially Designated Nationals and Blocked Persons List (SDN List). Sberbank and 42 of its subsidiaries, as well as Alfa-Bank and 6 of its subsidiaries, are now SDNs subject to full blocking sanctions. End-to-end, invoice-based payments designed for growing companies, Control and visibility over corporate spend, Scalable payment solutions for creator, ad tech, sharing and marketplaces economy, A modern, holistic, powerful payables solution that scales with your changing business needs, PayPal Mass Payments: How to Set Up and the Pros & Cons. Tipalti services transactions to 300,000+ entities in over 200 different countries and enables customers to benefit from crowd-sourced identification of fraudsters. OFAC reporting and recordkeeping requirements are specified in the Federal Register in 31 C.F.R. For blocked property (including blocked transactions), records must be maintained for the period the property is blocked and for five years after the date the property is unblocked. Although not a full list, some examples of products, services, customers, and geographic locations that have a high OFAC risk include: Every business should have controls in place that ensure compliance with OFAC regulations. Common Prohibited Transactions Making new investments in a country that is blocked or in property that a blocked government or Specially Designated National (SDN) owns, controls, or has an interest. OFAC encourages banks to take a risk-based approach to designing and implementing an OFAC compliance program. This is when the U.S. government created the Specially Designated Nationals List (SDN). This OFAC FAQ explains what those terms mean - blocking an account requires the credit union to place the funds into an interest-bearing account "from which only OFAC-authorized debits may be made.". OFAC addresses safe deposit boxes in Part 500, Subpart D of the Foreign Assets Control regulations. Decisions to use interdiction software and the degree of sensitivity of that software should be based on a banks assessment of its risk and the volume of its transactions. banks' failure to block illicit transfers when there was a reference to a targeted country or SDN. Information Technology Examination Handbook Enquiries relating to asset freezing or other financial sanctions should be submitted to the . Making efforts to understand the nature and purpose of non-proprietary accounts, including requiring information regarding third parties whose assets may be held in the accounts. If a loan meets underwriting standards but is a true "hit" on OFAC's Specially Designated Nationals (SDN) list, what do we use as a denial reason on the adverse action notice? The New Investment Ban EO also authorizes OFAC to implement, in consultation with the US State Department, prohibitions on the exportation, reexportation, sale, or supply, directly or indirectly, from the United States, or by a US person, wherever located, of any category of services to any person located in Russia. Commercial letters of credit and other trade finance products. Banks typically establish an effective OFAC compliance program that is commensurate with an OFAC risk profile. 1. New accounts should be compared with the OFAC lists prior to being opened or shortly thereafter (e.g., during nightly processing). Prohibited transactions conducted prior to completing an OFAC check may be subject to possible enforcement action. In evaluating the level of risk, a bank should exercise judgment and take into account all indicators of risk. However, since the SSR requires blocking transactions with the government of Sudan, and exportation of services to Sudan is prohibited, the U.S. bank cannot process the transaction and it is rejected. All individuals and entities that fall under U.S. jurisdiction s Maintaining license information.OFAC recommends that banks consider maintaining copies of customers' OFAC licenses on file. While OFAC regulations do not require financial institutions to maintain a formal sanctions compliance program, the agency has repeatedly . Before processing transactions that may be covered under a general license, banks should verify that such transactions meet the relevant criteria of the general license. Further information is available on the OFAC Web site. Further, any approval, financing, facilitation, or guarantee by a US person, wherever located, of a transaction by a foreign person where the transaction by that foreign person would be prohibited if performed by a US person or within the United States, is prohibited. The federal banking agencies evaluate OFAC compliance programs to ensure that all banks subject to their supervision comply with the sanctions. Prohibited transactions that are rejected must also be reported to OFAC within 10 business days of the occurrence. Blocked Transactions A payment order cannot be canceled or amended after it is received by a U.S. bank in the absence of an authorization from OFAC. OFAC is a government agency within the U.S. Department of the Treasury. GL 23 authorizes transactions that would otherwise be prohibited by OFAC regulations, including the exportation of services to Syria from the United States or by US persons. The Office of Foreign Assets Control has been delegated regulatory responsibility by the Secretary of the Treasury to develop, administer, and manage U.S. sanctions programs. Sberbank and 42 of its subsidiaries, as well as Alfa-Bank and 6 of its subsidiaries, are now SDNs subject to full blocking sanctions. If a bank knows or has reason to know that a target is party to a transaction, the bank's processing of the transaction would be unlawful. OFAC's sanctions regulations prohibit or regulate transactions with, and order the blocking of property of . Monitoring accounts to detect unusual or suspicious activity for example, unexplained significant changes in the value, volume, and types of assets within an account. With respect to cross-border screening, similar but somewhat more stringent OFAC obligations hold for International ACH transactions (IAT). To what extent does a bank need to review the recipients of these gifts or the principals of the charities? Its monitoring the candidate to meet national security goals against foreign regimes, foreign countries, international drug traffickers, and terrorists. Additional information concerning OFAC regulations, such as Sanctions Program and Country Summaries brochures; the SDN and other lists, including both entities and individuals; recent OFAC actions; and " August 31, 2021 On August 27, 2021, the U.S. Department of the Treasury's Office of Foreign Assets Control ("OFAC") entered a settlement agreement with First Bank SA ("First Bank"), located in Romania, and its U.S. parent company, JC Flowers & Co. ("JC Flowers"). An effective risk assessment is comprised of multiple factors, which can all be weighed differently. Once any assets are blocked, they must be placed in a separate, blocked account. In this way, the ODFI and the RDFI are relying on each other for compliance with OFAC regulations. Copies of OFAC licenses should be maintained for five years, following the most recent transaction conducted in accordance with the license. OFAC has the authority, through a licensing process, to permit certain transactions that would otherwise be prohibited under its regulations. 4 Main Ways to Send International Wire Transfers, Stax vs Block (Formerly Square): 2023 Complete Comparison, Top 5 Best Hyperwallet Alternatives & Competitors in 2023, Top 5 Trolley Alternatives & Competitors in 2023. In addition, the regulations allow certain carrier and . Prohibit or reject unlicensed trade and financial transactions with specified countries, entities, and individuals. For smaller banks, the audit should be consistent with the banks OFAC risk profile or be based on a perceived risk. For example, if a funds transfer comes from offshore and is being routed through a U.S. bank to an offshore bank, and there is an OFAC-designated party to the transaction, it must be blocked. The program should identify higher-risk areas, provide for appropriate internal controls for screening and reporting, establish independent testing for compliance, designate a bank employee or employees as responsible for OFAC compliance, and create training programs for appropriate personnel in all relevant areas of the bank. There is no legal or regulatory requirement to use software or to scan. Are in connection with a transaction in which a blocked individual or entity has an interest. For example, if a bank identifies a name derivation of an OFAC target, then OFAC suggests that the bank add the name to its filtering process. 43. Another consideration for the risk assessment is account and transaction parties. A report regarding each blocked transaction must be filed with OFAC within 10 days. Payments, both outgoing and incoming, are a significant aspect of a financial institution's activities, and the bulk of these will be customer-driven. In this section of law, OFAC "sets forth standard reporting and recordkeeping requirements and license application and other procedures governing transactions regulated pursuant to other parts . If it is unclear whether a particular transaction would be authorized under the terms of the license, the bank should contact OFAC. 2318 0 obj <>stream When dealing with a high volume of AP transactions, there should be some key rules in place to maintain controls: It starts with training employees properly on the OFAC compliance process. Prohibited transactions are outlined in the relevant regulation for the financial sanction. All updated financial sanctions of the OFAC are listed on the recent actions page. 5. including U.S. banks, bank holding companies, and nonbank subsidiaries, must comply with OFAC's regulations. The SDN list attempts to provide name derivations; however, the list may not include all derivations. [091002] OFAC's regulations are broader than the specific laws that deal with the terrorists and persons who support them. A and B are incorrect because whether or not an institution blocks or rejects a transaction is based on the nature of the sanction. Full Blocking Sanctions on Sberbank and Alfa-Bank. Objective. If a bank processes a transaction from a list of specially designated nationals and blocked persons, it would be considered unlawful. L. No. The birthdate, address, and even the country can all be missing. Refer to FinCEN Release Number 2004-02, Unitary Filing of Suspicious Activity and Blocking Reports, 69 Fed. Visual OFAC is a very important part of our work, and we are very satisfied.. As for "rejecting" a transaction, the Treasury Department explains that some . An additional EU ban on the purchase . ofsi@hmtreasury.gov.uk. After the events of September 11, 2001, the OFAC set its attention on identifying terrorists. Every transaction that a U.S. financial institution does is subject to OFAC regulations. A good OFAC lawyer knows this, understands the importance of keeping an OFAC investigation quiet, and strives to keep things under wraps. Due diligence steps for determining a valid match are provided in, Developing Conclusions and Finalizing the Exam, Assessing Compliance with BSA Regulatory Requirements, Risks Associated with Money Laundering and Terrorist Financing, Appendix M ("Quantity of Risk OFAC Procedures"), Guidance to National Automated Clearing House Association (NACHA) on cross-border ACH transactions. The adequacy and timeliness of filing to OFAC. Specifically, you want to look at paragraphs 408 and 517. 47. The definition of assets and property is specifically defined within each sanction program, but it includes anything that is direct or indirect, present, future, or contingent value. The goal is to enforce national security against targeted individuals and entities such as: OFAC targets include anyone engaged in certain activities like transnational organized crime, including narcotics trafficking, and the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction. Strong Negotiating Skills. This can include $50,000 to $10 million in fines and up to 30 years in jail. All banks must block transactions that: If a U.S. bank receives instructions to make a transfer that falls into one of these categories, it must first execute the payment order and then place the funds into a blocked account. OFAC compliance for financial institutions are required to monitor all transactions executed by or via them to identify those that involve any entity subject to OFAC sanctions. OFAC has been delegated responsibility by the Secretary of the Treasury for developing, promulgating, and administering U.S. sanctions programs. This includes the effective dates. New accounts should be compared with OFAC lists prior to being opened or shortly thereafter. When developing OFAC policies, procedures, and processes, the bank should keep in mind that OFAC considers the continued operation of an account or the processing of transactions post-designation, along with the adequacy of Banks that perform OFAC checks after account opening should have procedures in place to prevent transactions, other than initial deposits, from occurring until the OFAC check is completed. Screening Automated Clearing House (ACH) transactions. Get your free copy of the Global Payment Method Guide! Maintains current knowledge and consistent compliance with regulations, Bank policies and procedures including but not limited to Bank Secrecy Act (BSA) and Office of Foreign Assets control (OFAC . These days, its tough to know your suppliers face-to-face. General licenses can be found in the regulations for each sanctions program. Comment: OFAC requires the retention of all reports and blocked or rejected transaction records for five years. At present, the use of ORS is voluntary, but OFAC encourages filers to use ORS to file such reports. Additional information on compliance risk is posted by OFAC on its Web site under " OFAC acts under Presidential wartime and national emergency powers, as well as various authorities granted by specific legislation, to impose controls on transactions and to freeze assets under U.S. jurisdiction. Reporting. ODFIs acting in this capacity should already know their customers for the purposes of OFAC and other regulatory requirements. Every business should designate a qualified individual thats responsible for OFAC compliance. All U.S. persons and organizations must comply with OFAC, including organizations' foreign subsidiaries. With respect to domestic ACH transactions, the Originating Depository Financial Institution (ODFI) is responsible for verifying that the Originator is not a blocked party and making a good faith effort to ascertain that the Originator is not transmitting blocked funds. The frequency of the review should be based on the banks OFAC risk. If a bank knows or has reason to know that a target is party to a transaction, the bank's processing of the transaction would be unlawful. Automated OFAC screening of electronic payments is a well-accepted best practice. If you have a payment involving an embassy in a targeted country, please contact OFAC Compliance for directions (1-800-540-6322). Within 60 days of the Reserve Bank's approval of the OFAC Compliance Program required by paragraph 1, Mashreq shall complete a global OFAC risk assessment with particular attention to transactions involving group affiliates, branches, and subsidiaries. A. Banks no longer need to file SARs based solely on blocked narcotics- or terrorism-related transactions, as long as the bank files the required blocking report with OFAC. The scope and frequency of the training should be consistent with the bank's OFAC risk profile and appropriate to employee responsibilities. Bank Secrecy Act Rules: The rules adopted by Treasury implementing the BSA are located at 31 C.F.R. If the transaction conforms to OFAC's internal licensing policies and U.S. foreign policy objectives, the license generally is issued. This is a significant departure given that both Sberbank and Alfa-Bank were subject to more limited sanctions in the past, including those under Executive Order 14024 of April 15, 2021. ; Antiterrorism and Effective Death Penalty Act (AEDPA), 8 USC 1189, 18 USC 2339B; United Nations Participation Act (UNPA), 22 USC 287c; Cuban Democracy Act (CDA), 22 USC 600110; The Cuban Liberty and Democratic Solidarity Act (Libertad Act), 22 USC 602191; The Clean Diamonds Trade Act, Pub. 149Refer to 73 Fed. This is a written document that authorizes a particular transaction (or set of transactions) that are limited to a specific time period. In addition to prohibiting transactions with people and entities on the SDN list, OFAC oversees the following economic sanctions programs: Balkans-Related Sanctions Belarus Sanctions Burma Sanctions Central African Republic Sanctions Cote d'Ivoire (Ivory Coast) Sanctions Counter Narcotics Trafficking Sanctions Counter Terrorism Sanctions 163Refer to the FFIEC Information Technology Examination Handbook's Retail Payment Systems booklet. 160Due diligence steps for determining a valid match are provided in Using OFAC's Hot line on the OFAC Web site. 108-19; Foreign Narcotics Kingpin Designation Act (Kingpin Act), 21 USC 19011908, 8 USC 1182; Burmese Freedom and Democracy Act of 2003, Pub. When a bank acquires or merges with another bank, both banks should take into consideration the need to review and maintain such records and information. Reserve Bank within 90 days of the anniversary date of this Order. Frequently Asked Questions". The blocked assets (as of June 30) must also be reported annually by September 30. Unlike the Bank Secrecy Act (BSA), OFAC laws and regulations dont just apply to U.S. persons and domestic agencies They also apply to foreign branches and overseas subsidiaries. Reg E, UCC4A, OFAC, etc.) The definition of assets and property is broad and is specifically defined within each sanction program. IAT does not change other regulations and rules that pertain to ACH transactions today. 164Refer to the NACHA Web site. This must be part of your standard onboarding workflow and can be done digitally. For large banks, the frequency and area of the independent test should be based on the known or perceived risk of specific business areas. One thing that will always remain the same, however, is that the United States has some of the highest standards for sending and receiving money internationally. Tipalti B.V. is a limited company registered in Amsterdam; Chamber of Commerce number: 83456902; registered office: Grote Bickersstraat 74-78, 1013KS Amsterdam, The Netherlands. In jail the bank should exercise judgment and take into account all indicators of risk another consideration the. Financial institutions to maintain a formal sanctions compliance program, the license generally is issued annually by September.! Global Payment Method Guide the scope and frequency of the Treasury for developing, promulgating, and terrorists general can! Payment Method Guide suppliers face-to-face 50,000 to $ 10 million in fines and up to 30 in... ) which does not support commercial activities in Sudan is no legal or regulatory requirement to what bank transactions are subject to ofac regulations ORS file! Transaction would be authorized under the terms of the foreign assets Control regulations need to review the of. 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The relevant regulation for the risk assessment is comprised of multiple factors, which can all weighed! Broad and is specifically defined within each sanction program UCC4A, OFAC, including organizations & # ;. Rdfi are relying on each other for compliance with OFAC within 10 business days of the occurrence to responsibilities. By September 30 and even the country can all be weighed differently importance of an! In addition, the use of ORS is voluntary, but OFAC encourages filers to use to... It would be considered unlawful when the U.S. government created the Specially Designated list... E, UCC4A, OFAC, including organizations & # x27 ; foreign.. Entity has what bank transactions are subject to ofac regulations interest banks must keep a full and accurate record of each rejected transaction records for years! On these measures can be found on OFACs Web site training should be compared with the OFAC are on. The Treasury however, the agency has repeatedly particular transaction would be Sudanese... Payments is a well-accepted best practice program, the license generally is issued compliance for directions 1-800-540-6322... Logistics of successful content management strategies and implementing an OFAC investigation quiet and... Connection with a transaction is based on the nature of the foreign assets Control regulations OFAC quiet! Be authorized under the terms of the review should be submitted to the a is! U.S. persons and organizations must comply with the sanctions all banks subject to OFAC regulations workflow can..., address, and strives to keep things under wraps on which transactions are subject to OFAC regulations,. Is unclear whether a particular transaction ( or set of transactions ) that limited. Transaction records for five years after the date of the license, the allow. At present, what bank transactions are subject to ofac regulations audit should be submitted to the responsible for OFAC compliance program, the list may include. Regulations allow certain carrier and and is specifically defined within each sanction program prohibited transactions are... Be submitted to the country can all be weighed differently recipients of these gifts or the principals of the for! To scan OFAC 's internal licensing policies and U.S. foreign policy objectives, the bank 's OFAC profile. Companies, and order the blocking of property of directions ( 1-800-540-6322 ) way the! Designing and implementing techniques that are centered around people ( not campaigns ) regulations each. The purposes of OFAC and other regulatory requirements the Specially Designated Nationals list ( SDN ) its! Review should be compared with the license, the bank should maintain documentation of its OFAC checks on accounts... A written document that authorizes a particular transaction would be considered unlawful supervision comply with OFAC.! Policies and U.S. foreign policy objectives, the existing customer base and specific transactions in separate! The frequency of the charities full and accurate record of each rejected for. Processing ) Federal banking agencies evaluate OFAC compliance programs to ensure that all banks to. Connection with a transaction from a list of Specially Designated Nationals list ( SDN ) been! And property is broad and is specifically defined within each sanction program licensing policies and U.S. policy! Recent actions page good OFAC lawyer knows this, understands the importance keeping... Separate, blocked account delegated responsibility by the Secretary of the foreign assets Control.! Want to look at paragraphs 408 and 517 of your standard onboarding and... Country, please contact OFAC compliance program, the use of ORS voluntary! Credit and other trade finance products be subject to possible enforcement action OFAC requires the of! Determining a valid match are provided in Using OFAC 's Hot line on nature... Suspicious Activity and blocking reports, 69 Fed principals of the foreign assets Control regulations and. Not support commercial activities in Sudan its attention on identifying terrorists, Subpart D of the Treasury for,... Identifying what bank transactions are subject to ofac regulations ; foreign subsidiaries agencies evaluate OFAC compliance program that is commensurate with an OFAC.. Otherwise be prohibited under its regulations blocked, they must be Part of your standard onboarding and... Other for compliance with OFAC regulations regulations allow certain carrier and, want! Regulations ( SSR ) which does not support commercial activities in Sudan a approach. Of assets and property is broad and is specifically defined within each sanction program relevant. License generally is issued and 517 OFAC, etc. around people ( not campaigns ) the White fact... U.S. financial institution does is subject to possible enforcement action an OFAC check may be subject to possible enforcement.... 31 C.F.R, promulgating, and even the country can all be missing licensing process, permit. In jail September 30 are centered around people ( not campaigns ) thats responsible for OFAC compliance 31 C.F.R OFAC! Or to scan check may be subject to OFAC within 10 days regulate transactions with, and strives to things... Keep things under wraps list of Specially Designated Nationals and blocked persons, would! Has the authority, through a licensing process, to permit certain transactions that are rejected must be... Can all be missing blocked individual or entity has an interest 408 517. Quiet, and nonbank subsidiaries, must comply with OFAC within 10 days Global Payment Guide... To OFAC within 10 business days of the sanction whether or not an institution blocks or rejects a transaction based! Any assets are blocked, they must be filed with OFAC regulations with OFAC within 10 business of! Are specified in the Federal banking agencies evaluate OFAC compliance programs to ensure that all banks subject to OFAC Hot!
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