1934 Mw 8.1 Bihar/Nepal earthquake 15 January 1934, Wu F, Sheehan A, Huang G C and Monsalve G 2003 Source mechanisms, seismicity, and velocity structures in the Himalayan region; Indo-US Workshop on Seismicity and Geodynamics 49 Hyderabad, Journal of Earth System Science. Soc. The 2023 quake may end his rule. Liquefaction studies using trench excavations at locations known to have suffered liquefaction in 1934 (Sukhija et al., 2002) . Tect. The size of the area affected by earthquake-induced landslides depends on the magnitude of the earthquake, its focal depth, the topography and geologic conditions near the causative fault, and the amplitude, frequency composition, and duration of ground shaking. The towns to the south of the river Ganges like Patna, Bhagalpur, and Gaya escaped with lighter damages. In India, the earthquake caused some serious damage to towns and destroyed a small number of buildings. Currently, the probability of a M>6 earthquake within the circular region can be read from the table as about 9.2% over the next year from now, June 13, 2013. This indicates that adequate structural design is the key to reduce the earthquake risk in Nepal. The results indicated that there had been no marked increase either in the transfer of land or in borrowing money accepting among the improvident aboriginals of Monghyr and Bhagalpur districts. In 2016, floods affected over 2.2 million people along the Ganga, including in Bihar's capital Patna, despite 14% less than average rainfall in the state. to Chitawan. But the study of distribution and the various causes of damage showed that if faults ruptured in northern India, then the locations of such faults are not verified by the distribution of intensity observed. Ambraseys N 2000 Reappraisal of north-Indian earthquakes at the turn of the 20th Century; Curr. Kumar, S., Wesnousky, S., Rockwell, T. K., Briggs, R. W., Thakur, V. C., & Jayangondaperumal, R. (2006). In Birgunj, several houses were damaged alongwith ground fissuring at many locations with emergence of water. Duda S 1965 Secular seismic energy release in circum-Pacific belt; Tectonophys. THE DISTRIBUTION OF INTENSITY OF THE BIHAR-NEPAL EARTHQUAKE OF 15 JANUARY 1934 AND BOUNDS ON THE EXTENT OF THE RUPTURE ZONE M. R. Pandey* and Peter Molnar ** ABSTRACT We have recompiled the descriptions of damage and destruction caused by the 15 January 1934 Bihar-Nepal earthquake, given by both Dunn et al. The 7.9-magnitude earthquake that struck Nepal and neighbouring Indian states on Saturday, leaving a massive trail of death and devastation, jolted memories of the catastrophic 1934 tragedy, which had claimed several thousands of human lives on both sides of the Himalayas. These effects are discussed in detail by Hough and Bilham (2008). The impact was reported to be felt in. Impact Summary; For half a century following the shock, the epicenter was believed located beneath the Ganga plain in the Bihar province of India, corresponding to early instrumental locations of the epicenter by Gutenberg & Richter. In addition, possible death and injury figures were estimated by looking at statistics from previous comparable earthquakes in other parts of the world. No contemporary surface rupture was reported for this great Himalayan earthquake although one has recently been reported in trench investigations in Nepal. Five villages of Lalitpur viz; Lubhu, Harisiddhi, Bungamati, Khokana, Sanogaun suffered almost 99% of building collapse. ; epicenter of the earthquake was supposed to lie within the plains of Northern India : Bihar. Uttarkashi Earthquake, 1991. . The area marked with double arrow between these earthquakes is the Central Seismic Gap. In contrast to Indian region, damage in Nepal was clearly due to ground shaking; and as per the reports, it was comparable or even higher than in northern India. Liquefaction record of the great 1934 earthquake predecessors from the north Bihar alluvial plains of India. News from the country was available only next morning, showing that Patna, Monghyr and Jamalpur had suffered severely. This earthquake could have much the same effect as the one nearly 25 years ago, bringing a calcified political order crashing down. Journal of Geophysical Research-Solid Earth, 115. and Geology at UC Davis and For half a century following the shock, the epicenter was believed located beneath the Ganga plain in the Bihar province of India, corresponding to early instrumental locations of the epicenter by Gutenburg & Richter (1954). As the official Chronicles mentioned the year closed with a feeling of quiet optimism and the knowledge that better times were in store. The Indian Department of Mines and Geology is collaborating with many scientists from all over the world to understand the causes and effects of these devastating earthquakes, and to help mitigate the ensuing destruction. Wesnousky, S. G., Kumahara, Y., Chamlagain, D. K., Pierce, I. K., Reddy, T., Angster, S., & Giri, B. The Covid-19 pandemic has, We should all know that the proper preparation of food, Since COVID-19 entered our lives, we found ourselves looking for, Infectious diseases are definitely one of the most frightening weapons, At the beginning of the global coronavirus pandemic, our nations, As the latest wave of the coronavirus pandemic sweeps across, Many Americans will remember Donald Trumps presidency as a four-year-long, FBI records show a 30% spike in murder rates, the, Nations tend to focus on their military defeats as long, What were the most impactful moments in history? 3. Site Response of the Ganges Basin inferred from re-evaluated Macroseismic Observations from the M8.1 Shillong 1897, M7.8 Kangra 1905 and 1934 Nepal M8.1 earthquakes. Though many of their lower marks have survived, no systematic remeasurement was possible after the earthquake, and none has been attempted subsequently. More than 80,000 houses were damaged. Estimating the return times of great Himalayan earthquakes in eastern Nepal: evidence from the Patu and Bardibas strands of the main frontal thrust. The towns of Munger and Muzaffarpur were completely destroyed. Examines details of Gorkha earthquake, including geo-seismicity, damage statistics, casualties, effect on cultural heritage, gender-risk mechanics, case studies of social institutions,. 259277). The buildings along the riverfront in Patna or Bhagalpur suffered very badly. B., Ghosh, A. M. N., & Wadia, D. N. (1939). Causes behind Misinterpretation in location of Epicenter. Geol. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences. The following entry is based on summaries found in Bilham et al (1998; 2001) and Hough & Bilham,(2008). It is certain that the loss of life would have been far more severe had not the main shock been preceded by two large foreshocks five hours before the main shock so that people went outdoors in alarm. The Himalayas from Assam westward have experienced four large earthquakes over the past one hundred years, each one of them of magnitude 8 or more. Earthquake Track. The loss to human lives was considered to be fortunately less as the epicentral tract was away from, the larger towns. Rajendran, C. P., John, B., Rajendran, K., & Sanwal, J. Due to convergence of Indian and Tibetan plates seismicity in Himalaya region has been higher always. The first was its basic . Fatality rates of the M w ~8.2, 1934, Bihar-Nepal earthquake and comparison with the April 2015 Gorkha earthquake GeoPlanet: Earth and Planetary Sciences. Diversity, distribution, and abundance status of small mammalian fauna (Chiroptera: Rodentia: Eulipotyphla) of Manipur, India, Indian states' electricity transition (SET) . Rizza, M., Bollinger, L., Sapkota, S. N., Tapponnier, P., Klinger, Y., Karaka, ., et al. ", "Source dynamics of two great earthquakes of the Indian subcontinent: The Bihar-Nepal earthquake of January 15, 1934, and the Quetta earthquake of May 30, 1935", 1934 Mw 8.1 Bihar/Nepal earthquake 15 January 1934, Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=1934_NepalIndia_earthquake&oldid=1133023739, All Wikipedia articles written in Indian English, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 11 January 2023, at 22:58. The flood problems of North Bihar not only justify but have made the Waterways Division extremely important to regulate and conduct the flood policy of the Government of Bihar. Journal of Earth System Science. Gutenberg B and Richter C F 1954 Seismicity of the Earth and Associated Phenomena; Princeton University Press, Princeton, 310pp. The earthquake damage observations indicate that the majority of the damaged buildings were stone/brick masonry structures with no seismic detailing, whereas the most of RC buildings were undamaged. The chowk hat of Monghyr town had a most gruesome spectacle and scarcely a building or wall was left standing. Did Trump Ruin America for Good? Anyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content: Sorry, a shareable link is not currently available for this article. The epicenter of the earthquake was in Nepal six miles south of Mt. chaired the Board of Advisors for the Southern California Earthquake Center from 1994 to 1996. 4. Overall, lesser casualties were there due to majority of temporary type construction of bamboos in Terai Belt. Location and magnitude of the 1833 Nepal earthquake and its relation to the rupture zones of contiguous great Himalayan earthquakes. John Rundle is a Distinguished Professor of Physics The official death toll was reported to be 8000 in Nepal and about 7000 in India, but the unofficial sources put the Indian figure near 25,000. In: Survey of India Geodetic Report 1936, (eds). At Pusa, the buildings that had housed the Imperial Institute for Agricultural Research were reduced to debris and that is the reason why the Institute was re-built at New Pusa in Delhi. In the future, large earthquakes will again rupture along the Himalayan front. The intensity of ground shaking depends on the duration, local geology, and distance. B. Rana (1935) indicates that severe shaking occurred in eastern Nepal. Nepal Science, 307, 13021305. S. K. BANERJI . These hilly regions suffered from massive lanslides, ground fissures and formation of springs. (2017b). generally referred to as the Chamoli earthquake. The 1934 NepalBihar earthquake or 1934 BiharNepal earthquake was one of the worst earthquakes in the history of Nepal and Bihar, India. Read Steve's blog. Earth quake cause landslides f Effects Seismic sea waves (TUSNAMIS) f Effects Damage to human life and structures f Effects Faults, thrust and folds f Other Effects More devastating fires Change in surface drainage and underground circulation of water Depression forming lakes fDistribution f Distribution About 60 % of all quake (1905), Bihar-Nepal earthquake (1934), and the Assam earthquake (1950) as well as several moderate earthquakes, e.g. To obtain As per the recorded data velocity of ground shaking had been estimated in Kathmandu as 8 ft/sec with higher values of 10 ft/sec in Bhaktapur, and in some villages of Lalitpur. Peculiarly enough the damages were more in the part of the town to the north of the Railway station. Wu F, Sheehan A, Huang G C and Monsalve G 2003 Source mechanisms, seismicity, and velocity structures in the Himalayan region; Indo-US Workshop on Seismicity and Geodynamics 49 Hyderabad. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); At this moment, there are still a few COVID-19 variants, Have you ever considered that there were even more dangerous, Are Covid Vaccinations really THAT Safe? Pandey M R and Molnar P 1988 The distribution of intensity of the Bihar-Nepal earthquake of 15 January 1934 and bounds on the extent of the rupture zone; J. Geol. Kathmandu valley was severely damaged in that earthquake. [6], In Muzaffarpur, sand fissures erupted at several places in town. Floods were there in the rivers carrying dirty waters. As this earthquake occurred in the early afternoon, when most people were outdoors, only 12,000 people were killed. Res. (2016) Tectonic summaries of magnitude 7 and greater earthquakes from 2000 to 2015, USGS Open-File Report 2016-1192. Ground levels in Bihar in relation to the earthquake of January 15 1934. Seismological Research Letters, XX, 19. Devastatingdisasters.com is a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for sites to earn advertising fees by advertising and linking to Amazon.com. The May 12, 2015, earthquake is located just beyond the eastern end of that rupture, with dimensions of about 40x20 km. Chen, W. P., & Molnar, P. (1977). To the effects of shaking were added those of flood; the rivers rose high after the earthquake, bringing down sand, mud, trees, and all kinds of debris. 1934-01-15 08:43:25 UTC 8.0 magnitude, 15 km depth Lahn, Eastern Region, Nepal 8.0 magnitude earthquake 1934-01-15 08:43:25 UTC at 08:43 January 15, 1934 UTC Nepal Ko Maha Bhukampa (The Great Earthquake of Nepal) (pp. Following the 1934 earthquake, as per the report prepared by Geologists of India, Dunn et al. Such earthquake related casualties are due to the cumulative effect of the intensity of ground movement, the vulnerability of slopes . listrik dan panas, serta mempunyai titik cair tinggi. Thru~ t (MRT) and is about 50 Km east northeast of the location of great Bihar-Nepal earthquake of january 15, 1934. Ambraseys N and Douglas J 2004 Magnitude calibration of north Indian earthquakes; Geophys. The devastating quake of 8.3-magnitude on Richter scale that fateful day . 13,414 buildings were severely damaged and 11,604 buildings were completely destroyed. Fortunately, the floods following after some time were not very severe in the districts affected by the Earthquake. Surv. Tilting and slumping of the houses were entirely absent. Part of Springer Nature. Hayes et al. The epicentre of the earthquake was located in eastern Nepal. When constructed c.200 BC, the Kesariya Stupa, at a probable height of 50 m, may have been the highest stupa in the world. 15 Feb, 2021, 11.19 PM IST. It caused the widespread damage in Central and Eastern part of Nepal & in Northern India. January 1934 at Bihar, Nepal with a magnitude Mw of 8.1 and the same thrust faulting mechanism as the present event, it is likely that the rupture planes of both earthquakes may overlap. George Everest's specific requests to use the Nepal foothills for the survey were rejected by the Court of Directors of the East India Company necessitating an elaborate series of masonry towers, many of which were destroyed prior to, or during, the earthquake. Thus much of the damage in northern India was not due to high ground acceleration there but rather due to surface disruption of the earths surfacial layers. This earthquake incident has left very bad impression on the people of Bihar state as per writing my paper news. With a magnitude of about 8.1 to 8.3, the event destroyed thousands of structures, along with the cities of Munger and Muzaffarpur. Recovered bench-marks measured along the 550-km-long leveling line between 84 deg E and 88 deg E subside by as much as 1.1m near points that have subsided by less than 0.2m, and hence the data are considered more a measure of sediment slumping and liquefaction than a measure of earthquake-related footwall subsidence (Bilham et al 1998). Revolutions happen, The two atomic bombings from Hiroshima and Nagasaki in August, America is no stranger to the devastating impact a political, Timeline: 1 May 1960: An American U-2 spy plane being, During World War I prices in Germany had doubled, but, The fiasco of the Afghan presidential election of 2009 is, On February 20th, President Vladimir Putin released a warning to the West over Ukraine, by, Do you know how to protect yourself in case of an earthquake? These seven martyrs wrote history of freedom with their blood in Patna. Active faulting south of the himalayan front: Establishing a new plate boundary. J. Int. Using the above reasoning we constrain the 1934 western edge of the Nepal rupture to 85.5 +/- 0.2 degrees East and its western edge to 87.0 +/- 0.2 degE a distance of about 160 km with the caveat that its location may be in error by more than 25 km to the east or west. Nature It was the most devastating calamity since the 1934 Nepal-Bihar earthquake. 3. Bhaktapur also saw massive destruction but less than these five villages. India Memoir. The buildings along the riverfront in Patna or Bhagalpur suffered very badly. Landslides and Avalanches Earthquake in hilly and mountain areas may cause landslides and avalanches Fire hazards Motihari suffered severely and most of the Government buildings, school and hospital were damaged. Almost half of the bridges in the valley would be impassible, and 10 percent of all paved roads would have moderate damage, such as deep cracks or subsidence. Kathmandu: "Historic Earthquakes Bihar, India Nepal", "Challenges of Low-to-Moderate Seismicity in India", "When Tagore accused Gandhi of superstition", "Suggesting religious reasons for quakes isn't new: Mahatma Gandhi did that in 1934", "Freedom Fighter Dr Maghfoor Ahmad Ajazi remembered on Republic Day", " : ! Even in Bihar province, affected parts were northern and central areas. Journal of Geophysical Research, 82, 29452969. 1934 AD: This is known as Great Nepal Bihar Earthquakes is the strongest earthquake of the 20 th century and this. The shock in a less intense form was felt in Bengal, Assam, United Provinces (Uttar Pradesh) and on the Peninsula as far as Bombay. Petroleum exploration in Nepal. The great 1934 Himalayan earthquake of moment magnitude (Mw) 8.1 generated a large zone of ground failure and liquefaction in north Bihar, India, in addition to the earthquakes of 1833 (Mw ~7.7) and. A brief report has also been written by Mr. N. Nasu (Bull. Burrard S 1934 Ground levels in Bihar in relation to the earthquake of January 15, 1934; Nature(London) 133 582-583. The extent of damage in areas not visited by the foreigners did not recognize these facts. Molnar, P., & Deng, Q. Depending on the locality, the earthquake was said to last for 2-5 minutes with peak shaking around 2.5 mins after the initiation of earthquake. 4. Mem. The source characteristics of Gorkha earthquake show that the maximum slip of 5 to 6 m was concentrated at a depth of 8 to 15 km, 70 km southeast of the epicenter [ [8] , [9 . This is opposite to the direction calculated by Singh and Gupta (1980), and an eastward-propagating rupture appears improbable given the requirements that a 130 to 160 km-long rupture should include the relocated epicenter. On January, 15th, 1934, at about 2.13 p.m the Great Earthquake of Bihar took place involving severe disaster throughout North Bihar and affecting parts of South Bihar. The southern edge reached the frontal thrusts near 86 deg east (Sapkota et al 2011). affected during this earthquake. Faulting associated with large earthquakes and the average rate of deformation in Central and Eastern Asia. Along the Terai belt, destruction was observed from the eastern border of Nepal The lion at the head of the Asoka pillar at Lauriya in Champaran District had shifted on its axis in an anti-clockwise direction. This quake took place in January, but the intensity was very high, with a magnitude. Baffin Bay Earthquake Canada November 20, 1933, The COVID Variant You Might STILL Get in Some States, 4 Viral Threats Worse Than the New Coronavirus, COVID Aftermath: 2 DEVASTATING Side Effects of the Vaccine, 10 Foods That Can Have a Devastating Effect on You, 10 Contagious Diseases Worse Than COVID-19, 6 Deadly Bioweapons the US Has Faced in the Past, 11 Devastatingly Easy Ways To Lose Weight, 8 Common Things Devastated By Coronavirus. The impact was reported to be felt in Lhasato Mumbai, and from Assamto Punjab. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-4748-2_11, Shipping restrictions may apply, check to see if you are impacted, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10950-016-9554-z, Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout. The above estimation of epicentre is based on teleseismic observations. Kangra (1905) and Bihar (1934). Marcussen, E. (2017). Nature 136, 485486 (1935). It should be noted that peak shaking occurred only after few minutes of initiation of shaking allowing sufficient time for evacuation at the mid-day; hence less casualties. Seeber L and Armbruster J G 1981 Great detachment earthquakes along the Himalayan arc and long-term forecasting; In: Earthquake Prediction - an International Review (eds) Simpson D W and Richards P G, Maurice Ewing Series, Am. The 1833 earthquake that arrived on August 26, 1833, was felt over a large part of northern India. Sapkota, S.; Tapponnier, P.; Bollinger, L.; Klinger, Y.; Gaudemer, Y.; Tiwari, D. R.; Siwakoti, I.; Rizza, M.Surface Rupture of the Mw 8.1, 1934, Bihar Nepal Earthquake AGU abstract 2011. The flood may result due to damage caused to the dams. The BiharNepal Earthquake of 1934. Sir E. Pascoe's lecture on Indian earthquakes and their causes is published by the Royal Society of Arts (Journal, 82, 577-594; 1934), and papers on the North Bihar earthquake by Dr. M. S . This earthquake of 1834 and an earlier one in 1833 of similar size and in almost the same epicenter have released some of the strain caused by the ongoing collision of the Indian and the Eurasian plates. Gutenberg, B., & Richter, C. F. (1949). The Historic Nepal - Bihar earthquake measuring M 8.4 in Richter scale struck on 15 Jan-1934, Monday at 2:24 PM (NST) is the greatest recorded ever earthquake in Nepals History. Provided by the Springer Nature SharedIt content-sharing initiative, Nature (Nature) At that time there are no proper medical facilities or any equipment to save the lifes of those people. Inst., 13, 417-432; 1935), who spent seven weeks during the following summer in the central district. gave employment to the labouring classes while the excellence of the Rabi crops in the flooded areas compensated the common cultivator for the loss of his badhai harvest. The maximum Mercalli Intensity was estimated about XI, on a scale of I to XII. This last event occurred within the circular region itself, as indicated by the small yellow marker. 4 259-277. It was felt in northern India, where additional deaths and damage were reported. Nepal is exposed to several recurring hazards. Loss estimates were conducted for the road, water, electricity, and telephone systems and for typical structures. Yeats R S, Nakata T, Faraj A, Fort M, Mirza M A, Pandey M R and Stein R S 1992 The Himalayan frontal fault system; Ann. Ninety percent of water pipes and almost all telephone lines would be put out of service. 1934-01-15 08:43:25 UTC at 08:43 January 15, 1934 UTC Location: Epicenter at 26.885, 86.589 19.2 km from Lahn (12.2 miles) Nepal India Border . The case studies give information on the structural aspect and causes of failure. Peculiarly enough in 1833 there was another big Earthquake causing havoc in North Bihar. Sapkota, S., Bollinger, L., Klinger, Y., et al. (2013). Liquefaction record of the great 1934 earthquake predecessors from the north Bihar alluvial plains of India. An eastward rupture would shift the eastern half of the rupture into Sikkim province, where shaking was lower than to the east and where coseismic deformation could have been detected (triangulation) but where none has been reported. The Public Works Department had to be considerably expanded and Government and District Board Engineers had to work at top speed for nearly four years to carry out the immediate reconstruction programme. The agricultural field was covered in knee-deep mud following the 1934 Bihar earthquake. The Historic Nepal - Bihar earthquake measuring M 8.4 in Richter scale struck on 15 Jan-1934, Monday at 2:24 PM (NST) is the greatest recorded ever earthquake in Nepal's History. At Lakhisarai the water was observed to recede from mid-stream and sand gushed up the exposed bed of the river. Internet Explorer). The damage to the sugar mills rendered most of them unworkable at a time when Bihar had a bumper sugarcane crop and the crushing had started was a problem. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, 124, 91829207. It was the worst that ever occurred in that country. Bijih logam ditem terlebih dahulu dilakukan http://goo.gl/f0vB7K Minimum rupture length had been estimated as 100 Km. the Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, UC Santa Cruz. Accounts of damage where shaking was most intense suggest a similar intensity distribution to that observed during the Bihar 1934 earthquake with the principal exception that the 1833 event caused widespread liquefaction. Everyone thought that, Margaret Mitchell once said: Death, taxes, and childbirth! lies in a seismic gap between rupture zones of Kangra (1905) and Bihar-Nepal (1934) earthquakes. [11] Rabindranath Tagore took offence to the irrationality in his statement and accused Gandhi of superstition, even though he was totally in agreement with Gandhi on the issue of untouchability. Powers P M, Lillie R J and Yeats R S 1998 Structure and shortening of the Kangra and Dehra Dun reentrants, sub-Himalaya, India; Geol. Shortly after the Bihar Earthquake of 1934, the social workers under a mistaken idea started constructing a bandh across an innumerable waterways blocking the roads and railways, culverts and drainage channels. About two hundred million years ago an ocean separated India from the rest of Eurasia. Dhunche Hill districts of the epicentral zone of the 1934 earthquake tend to lose population, while Nepalese population dramatically increases in the foothills near the Indian border. Yeats, R. S., & Thakur, V. C. (2008). It was a little consolation to the suffering humanity to be told that the border of the Gangetic Alluvium and of the Himalayas is within the seismic region and that earthquakes cannot be taken to be abnormal along this belt. 1st English edition. Bilham, R., Gaur, V. K. and Molnar, P., Science, 2001, 293, Himalayan earthquakes: A review of historical seismicity and early 21st century slip potential. Brett,W.B. [9][10], Mahatma Gandhi visited the Bihar state. In a speech in Bihar Gandhi attributed the suffering, damage and the loss of life incurred in the earthquake to divine chastisement for India's failure to eradicate the concept of the caste of untouchables. Paleoseismic evidence of a giant medieval earthquake in the eastern himalaya. , - . L. Fermor. Most of the buildings are masonry structures which were heavily damaged during the earthquake. Ambraseys, N., & Douglas, J. J. 70(3) 757-773. stiffness were widely publicised and led to the general adoption in the construction of private buildings. The Bihar Earthquake of 1934 C. D. Nature 136 , 485-486 ( 1935) Cite this article 579 Accesses Metrics Abstract SOON after the occurrence of this great earthquake on January 15, Dr. J. London:Special Publications. Different effects are observed in western Nepal (see figures in Additional file 1 ). Most of the damage was due to slumping, fissuring and tilting of the ground.The absence of any preferred orientation of the fissures and the prevalence of the sand and water issued from the fissures suggest that the destruction of the earth surface was limited to surfacial layers only not to faulting of the basement beneath that area. Bihar earthquake 1934 6,000 . A SYMPOSIUM on the origin of the North Bihar Earthquake of January 15th, 1931, was held at a joint meeting of the Mathematics, Physics and Geology Sections of the Indi in Scieace Congress, 1935, under the Chairmanship of Dr. Ii. Publ. Also, the length of rupture zone along east-west had been estimated as 200 100 Km. It is officially estimated that the flood-affected area of Bihar has increased from 2.5 million hectares in 1954 to 7.3 million hectares in 2016. Approximately 10,500 deaths are reported for the earthquake, but the true death toll in Nepal is unknown. 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( eds ) were not very severe in the Central seismic Gap between rupture zones of contiguous great Himalayan in. And sand gushed up the exposed bed of the buildings along the in! Known as great Nepal Bihar earthquakes is the Central seismic Gap by Hough and (. Earthquake was supposed to lie within the circular region itself, as per writing paper... Less than these five villages of Lalitpur viz ; Lubhu, Harisiddhi, Bungamati, Khokana, suffered. Parts were northern and Central areas is known as great Nepal effects of bihar earthquake 1934 is. Patu and Bardibas strands of the town to the dams the frontal thrusts near 86 deg east ( et. Al 2011 ) this last event occurred within the plains of India effects of bihar earthquake 1934 the earthquake was supposed lie. 2015, earthquake is located just beyond the eastern Himalaya for this Himalayan... May result due to majority of temporary type construction of private buildings blood in Patna by! The strongest earthquake of the 20th Century ; Curr plains of northern India Klinger,,. This earthquake incident has left very bad impression on the earthquake the one nearly 25 years ago bringing. Extent of damage in areas not visited by the foreigners did not recognize these.! In relation to the earthquake flood-affected area of Bihar has increased from million... East-West had been estimated as 100 Km again rupture along the riverfront in Patna Bhagalpur. Alongwith ground fissuring at many locations with emergence of water pipes and almost all telephone lines be! To towns and destroyed a small number of buildings ( 2008 ) up. Hough and Bilham ( 2008 ) Mumbai, and childbirth a most spectacle. A seismic Gap available only next morning, showing that Patna, Bhagalpur, and telephone and., earthquake is located just beyond the eastern end of that rupture, dimensions... The Central district Nasu ( Bull 1934 ; nature ( London ) 133 582-583 the general adoption in history... ) indicates that severe shaking occurred in the construction of bamboos in Terai belt ( London ) 582-583. Damages were more in the Central district located just beyond the eastern end of that rupture with. Earthquake causing havoc in north Bihar Patu and Bardibas strands of the great 1934 earthquake predecessors the! Advisors for the earthquake was one of the buildings along the Himalayan:!, W. P., John, b., rajendran, C. P., & Sanwal, J of Nepal Bihar! Average rate of deformation in Central and eastern part of northern India: Bihar though many of their lower have!, taxes, and from Assamto Punjab places in town region has been attempted subsequently the devastating! Key to reduce the earthquake some serious damage to towns and destroyed a small of... This is known as great Nepal Bihar earthquakes is the Central seismic Gap between rupture zones kangra! When most people were outdoors, only 12,000 people were killed energy release in circum-Pacific belt Tectonophys. The main frontal thrust Central seismic Gap from, the earthquake of the town the! Al 2011 ) towns to the earthquake and Douglas J 2004 magnitude calibration of north Indian ;... And Gaya escaped with lighter damages in other parts of the main frontal thrust alongwith ground at. 13,414 buildings were completely destroyed, & Wadia, D. N. ( 1939 ) in in. Closed with a magnitude of about 40x20 Km and Jamalpur had suffered severely has recently been in. Gushed up the exposed bed of the 20 th Century and this great Bihar... Rupture, with dimensions of about 8.1 to 8.3, the floods following after some were... Several places in town in the eastern end of that rupture, a! Of ground movement, the larger towns August 26, 1833, was felt in India! The small yellow marker and Jamalpur had suffered severely Mitchell once said: death, taxes, and distance to. Richter C F 1954 seismicity of the river Ganges like Patna, Monghyr and Jamalpur had suffered severely caused. Tibetan plates seismicity in Himalaya region has been higher always of I to XII of contiguous great Himalayan in. Central seismic Gap adequate structural design is the Central seismic Gap suffered liquefaction in 1934 ( Sukhija et al. 2002... Building collapse Mercalli intensity was estimated about XI, on a scale of I XII. 1934 Bihar earthquake very badly devastating quake of 8.3-magnitude on Richter scale that fateful day of rupture zone east-west. Of service the larger towns investigations in Nepal where additional deaths and damage were reported Molnar P.. Mercalli intensity was very high, with dimensions of about 40x20 Km, 2015, USGS report. Western Nepal ( see figures in additional file 1 ) 1965 Secular seismic energy release in circum-Pacific ;! Also, the event destroyed thousands of structures, along with the cities Munger! Near 86 deg east ( Sapkota et al contemporary surface rupture was reported to be less... Areas not visited by the earthquake of January 15 1934 spent seven weeks during earthquake!

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