The theory of production is used to analyze and quantify the effects of conventional and nonconventional input use on maize output. The active ingredients are typically viscous and have a high solid content. An agrochemical or agrichemical, a contraction of agricultural chemical, is a chemical product used in industrial agriculture. Pesticide application practices, pest knowledge, and cost-benefits of plantain production in the Bribri-Cabcar Indigenous Territories, Costa Rica, A SUSTAINABLE FOOD & AGRICULTURE AGENDA FOR ONTARIO, A GREEN FOOD & AGRICULTURE AGENDA FOR ONTARIO, Perspectives for nano-biotechnology enabled protection and nutrition of plants, Plantation agriculture in the tropics Environmental issues, Sustainability Analysis of Ecological and Conventional Agricultural Systems in Bangladesh, NIGERIA'S SMALL SCALE FARMERS' AGROCHEMICAL USE THE HEALTH AND SAFETY IMPLICATIONS INTRODUCTION, Integrated Pest Management for Sustainable Intensification of Agriculture in Asia and Africa, Regional carbon footprint analysis of dairy feeds for milk production in the USA, Farmers perception towardes organic and chemichal fertilizer, A Study on Pesticide Effects to the Rice Farmers and to the Environment in Kolambugan and Maigo, Lanao del Norte, Perceptions of Farmers' and Farmworkers' Wives on the Use and Hazards of Agrochemicals in Rural Vellore, Science for agriculture and rural development in the South, Assessing the factors of adoption of agrochemicals by plantain farmers in Ghana, Assessment of farming practices and uses of agrochemicals in Lake Manyara basin, Tanzania, Agrochemicals and Chronic Kidney Disease of Multi-Factorial Origin (CKDmfo): An Environmentally Induced, Occupational Exposure Disease, Use of Agrochemicals in West Bengal: Perspectives from the Field, Conventional Food Plot Management in an Organic Coffee Cooperative: Explaining the Paradox, Assessing Benefits and Costs of Commercial Banana Production in the Philippines, Impact of Chemical Fertilizer on Agriculture of Hijli Mouza of North 24 Parganas in West Bengal, Journal of Agricultural Studies, Vol. Farmers exposed to chemicals are usually illiterate and lack the requisite training, equipment, and the necessary safety information. Based on a statistics by statistica, In 2019, the agrochemical market worldwide was worth approximately $234.2billion. [4] Due to the adaptation of pests to these chemicals, more and new agrochemicals were being used, causing side effects in the environment. This definition is valid when one is looking at the theory of consumer behavior. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology. Table 5 shows the maximum likelihood estimate of the ordered logistic regressions model. Bangladeshi poor and untrained farmers apply the agrochemicals massively for getting rapid and huge returns from their shared lands causing incurable risks for the ecosystem and human health. This breakthrough was anchored on science and technology. The results showed that education, the number of children in school, and ownership of TV/radio positively influence farmers level of awareness of health implications of agrochemicals use. It was revealed from the ordered logit regression that five out of ten explanatory variables, years of education, the number of children in school, ownership of TV/radio, experience in agrochemicals application, and farm size, were significant variables that influence farmers levels of awareness of health implications of agrochemicals use in the study area. An ordered logit compliment with multivariate linear regression model was used to identify the drivers of farmers awareness level of health implications of agrochemical use. Site Management Enumerators were well trained to administer a well-structured questionnaire through face-to-face interviews. One of the most compelling motivations for farmers to utilize agrochemicals is to improve the quality and quantity of their agricultural output. An ordered logit model was used to identify the factors that affect maize farmers level of awareness of health implications of agrochemicals . Fungicides made from synthetic chemicals can help prevent the spread and growth of these fungi, as well as improve production for higher and healthier yields. Maize continues to lead as the most important staple food in Ghana. 1, 2009. Also, health implications of agrochemical use should be incorporated into our education curriculum. An increase in the number of children in school by one person leads to a decrease in the probability of a farmer being in the low level of awareness by 0.071 and increases the probability of a farmer being in moderate and higher levels of awareness by 0.053 and 0.018, respectively. A multiple linear regression model was used to analyze how output is affected by the level of awareness of agrochemical use risk. Due to improper use, these chemicals reach the environment as pollutants . "In recent years, the Chinese government has made . The projects aimed at providing alternatives to commercial agrochemicals which are harmful to human, animal and environmental health. Misuse or the unauthorized use of pesticides commonly occurs because pesticide companies . . Agrochemicals were introduced to protect crops from pests and enhance crop yields. 286292, 2012. About Us This variable was significant at 1% and positively related to the level of awareness. An agrochemical or agrichemical, a contraction of agricultural chemical, is a chemical product used in industrial agriculture. [21] in their research on pesticide application among farmers in the catchment of Ashaiman Irrigation Scheme of Ghana: health implications revealed that out of 74 farmers observed spraying pesticides on their farms, 36.5% used nose guards, 45.9% used boots, 31% used hand gloves, and 25.7% wore dresses that covered the whole body except the eyes. Mission. This is an open access article distributed under the, http://ejurasekyedumase.ghanadistricts.gov.gh/. Agrochemicals are usually delivered to a store by the supplier or transported by the user. Mode of entry- Stomach poisons are especially effective against insects with biting or chewing mouth parts, such as caterpillars, beetles, and grasshoppers. 188230, InTech, Rijeka, Croatia, 2014. The study revealed that 85% of respondents who cultivated cash crops such as Cocoa and Rubber heavily relied on the use of inorganic fertilizers and pesticides. This implies that smallholder maize farmers are more aware of agrochemicals use risk than large-scale farmers holding other factors constant. The reason could be that farmers who are educated can read and understand labels on agrochemical containers and adhere to safety standards. It is therefore recommended that field training and practical educational programs on good and safety use of agrochemicals should be adopted by agencies to raise farmers awareness level of the risk associated with agrochemical use. )$f$Ae2cy5}l9'&kc6Hx>r0~|O?/fn$`BVq#Z[_z_)M2z2~ 8,g5wGl|\qn;i4 &5i HlTKs0WQ*`tLCsizPd+)p/kw{09Rh U]qC 7r2 . Awareness of health implications of agrochemical use increases output by 309kg (3.09 bags) per acre. The main source of information on agrochemicals use was media and manuals. 35.6%, 51.4%, and 13% of the respondents had low, moderate, and high levels of awareness, respectively, of health implications of agrochemical use. The unsafe handling and use of agrochemicals can lead to accumulation of hazardous chemicals in the body, causing adverse effects on health. Many pesticide accidents can be traced to applicator carelessness or misuse. It is, therefore, important to know the limiting factors to farmers awareness of health risks associated with agrochemical use. The study was conducted in Ejura-Sekyedumase Municipality in the Ashanti Region of Ghana. Factors such as balanced use, optimum dosing, correct application methods and timing help . P. Cocco, G. Satta, S. Dubois et al., Lymphoma risk and occupational exposure to pesticides: results of the epilymph study, Occupational and Environmental Medicine, vol. Theoretically, the probability of farmers in the various levels of awareness of health implications of agrochemical use is indicated in (4). The study revealed that 85% of respondents who cultivated cash crops such as Cocoa and Rubber heavily relied on the use of inorganic fertilizers and pesticides. Output is a function of conventional inputs such as labor, capital, fertilizer, and pesticides. Table 3 shows the summary statistics of some of the variables describing the socioeconomic characteristics of the respondents. The municipality was selected for the study based on the reasons that the municipality comprises several rural communities in which most of the peoples are engaged in crop production as a major occupation. Utility is defined as the satisfaction that one derives from consuming a good. The large-scale use of agrochemicals has raised environmental and human health concerns. The result implies that farmers who have access to television and radio are more aware than those without radio, ceteris paribus. 2, no. The study will also provide information to policy-makers and agricultural extension officers to come out with effective training programs for farmers. Agrochemicals are a broad term that refers to a variety of chemicals designed to protect plants and crops. Examples include Zineb and Sulphur. Plants may become spotted, curled or even die when exposed to a pesticide, often because wind has carried it from its intended area. In this study, the number of extension visits had a positive relationship with maize output. uPBa;J[/}wB.ya?w y%+o'mTm,VK *Hg"`LA$)vJX$;KoDOetd4 D;)YO$z,Z8^b>&C'0_O9LP jf Pesticides have contributed to several recent deaths and an untold number of illnesses in Upper East Region of Ghana [16]. Misuse or excess use of fertilizers. Without the usage of pesticides and chemical fertilisers, hazardous organisms would continue to thrive and adapt at an accelerated rate, posing a major threat to agricultural produce. This could be as a result of the household members working on the farmer as a source of labor and timely access to labor. Proper pesticide use starts before application. 84o\X'p4_. Finally, when the insured amount is higher or the relative deductible is lower, farmers are more likely to reduce fertiliser and pesticide usage and adopt GAT. The world fertilizer nutrient (N+P 2 O 5 +K 2 O) consumption has increased from 162 million tonnes in 2008 and is projected to reach 201 million tonnes in 2018, at annual growth rate of 1.8 . Marital status was significant at 10% and had a positive effect on output. Rice blast, for example, is a major threat to rice production stability. NEW SOLUTIONS: A Journal of Environmental and Occupational Health Policy, Journal of Enterprising Communities: People and Places in the Global Economy, Gordana Kranjac-Berisavljevic, Harold Brookfield. Improper use and disposal of containers of pesticide are mainly caused by inadequate knowledge, inadequate equipment, and storage, application of unregistered and nonapproved pesticides, and the use of an excessive dosage [2]. Of these plantain farmers, over 97% used the insecticide chlorpyrifos, and 84% applied nematicides, 64% herbicides, and 22% fungicides, with only 31% of participants reporting the use of some type of protective clothing during application. This can lessen the growth of antibiotic resistance. 175, no. If you believe your property has been damaged by pesticide misuse, call the IDOA's Bureau of Environmental Programs at 1-800-641-3934 (voice and TDD) or 217-785-2427 for a . The awareness level was significantly explained by education, the number of children in school, ownership of TV/radio, experience in agrochemicals use, and farm size. %%EOF There were some cases of harm from misuse of the chemicals. Agricultural pesticides have made it possible to increase production in crop and livestock enterprises in Africa. Blog agrochemical lixiviates, and all the nutrient leaching from agricultural land is causing the eutrophication of aquatic ecosystems. Last edited on 11 November 2022, at 11:17, Top six agrochemical firms grew steady in 2013, Agricultural chemicals market value worldwide in 2018 and 2019 with a forecast from 2020 to 2025, "Agricultural Chemical Usage - Chemical Distribution Rate - ID: t722h8817 - USDA Economics, Statistics and Market Information System", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Agrochemical&oldid=1121264650, This page was last edited on 11 November 2022, at 11:17. They increase yields and reduce the presence of foreign materials in some commodities. Transportation. Thus, the study area is dominated by farmers with a relatively low level of education. Even if a violation of the Illinois Pesticide Act cannot be substantiated, both the complainant and the alleged violator will be notified in writing of the complaint's status. The study focuses on Agrochemical use in Murang'a and Kirinyaga, making a comparison between Organic and Conventional Farmers. Most are mixtures of two or more chemicals; active ingredients provide the desired effects, and inert ingredients stabilize or preserve the active ingredients or aid in application. According to Allied Market Research, the global agrochemicals market is expected to reach $315.3 billion by 2030, growing at a CAGR of 2.9% from 2021 to 2030. Owing to the dangers the misuse or abuse of agrochemical poses to the world, scholars One hundred and fifty-four (154) maize farmers were randomly sampled from the municipality. Never transport pesticides in a closed passenger vehicle or in a . The agrochemicals industry contributes to agricultural progress by producing high-quality foods. The awareness levels were ordered on a scale of 1 (049% score), 2 (5069% score), and 3 (above 70% score) indicating a low, medium, and high level of awareness which is also a measure of the intensity of awareness. The Pesticides Control and Management Act (528) was promulgated in 1996 to regulate proper use of pesticides in Ghana. [26] findings in cowpea production. Exposure. This quantitative cross sectional study sought to understand the level of awareness, practices, and perceptions of safe B. T. Tawiah, Concentration of organochlorine insecticide residues in tomato (Lycopersicon Esculentum) fruit: a case study at akumadan in the offinso North district of Ashanti region [Ph.D. thesis], Department of Theoretical and Applied Biology, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana, 2013. xb```6 ``a`b QK,x,vef :sb B:+n;u jSaN-%,28&3 Since most farmers in the country are illiterates, lacking the requisite training, protection equipment, and safety information, there have been tendencies of overapplication than the recommended rate or frequency per season. You can download the paper by clicking the button above. In terms of the dependent variable, agrochemical use, the response group is very similar to Italian olive farmers in general; their use of agrochemicals and changes over the last 15 years are very comparable (see Section 4). 0000006308 00000 n Enter the email address you signed up with and we'll email you a reset link. This result is consistent with Awunyo-Vitor et al. Experience in agrochemicals use and farm size have a negative significant effect on farmers level of awareness of health implications of agrochemicals use. H. Kuranchie-Mensah, P. O. Yeboah, E. Nyarko, and A. Toxicity- It is terms as follows.Extremely poisonous colour: crimson, symbol: skull and poison, Moderately hazardous blue tint, caution sign, oral method of delivery ,Highly toxicyellow colour, poison symbol and Less toxicgreen colour, caution symbol. Beyond Pesticides is a 501 (c)3 nonprofit organization headquartered in Washington, D.C., which works with allies in protecting public health and the environment to lead the transition to a world free of toxic pesticides. D. Horna, M. Smale, M. Al-Hassan, R. J. Falck-Zepeda, and S. E. Timpo, Insecticides use on vegetables in ghana: would GM seed benefit farmers? IFPRI Discussion Paper 007855, 2008. The number of farmers selected from each community was based on the number of maize producing households in each community. However, the indiscriminate use, rather the misuse of this sort of chemical inputs, has led to many problems in our ecosystem. Pesticides Use in Ghana. In Ghana agriculture and public health sectors remain the major contributors of pollutants into the environment. Farmers who are aware of health implications of agrochemical use will adhere to the recommended practices and application rate and this has a great implication for the crops yield and health of the farmers. In Ghana, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is the regulatory body that oversees the use of recommended pesticides. ? Quality here refers to the quantity of maize devoid of chaff and other pests infected grains. The results indicated that 35.6% had a low level of awareness, 51.4% were moderately aware, and only 13% of the respondents had a high level of awareness (Figure 1). Government-issued permits for purchase and use of approved agrichemicals may be required. 2, pp. . Excessive utilization of these chemicals generate residues that cause nutrients imbalance and reduction of the yielding capacity of crops. 2018; 2018: 2874160. . Privacy Policy. In 1966, Illinois became one of the first states to regulate pesticides. 33, no. Apply the product at the rate specified on the label. On average, the respondents have the moderate awareness level of health implications of agrochemical use (0.578). Despite the reduced use of agrochemicals, unsafe chemical use practices are high among farmers in Africa. This means that if a farmer moves from low to moderate levels of awareness of health implications of agrochemical use, his or her maize output will increase by 309kg (3.09 bags) per acre. , , , , , , How you plan to care for your hibiscus plant, International Year of Fruits and Vegetables builds a nutritious future, CONTROL THE WEED THROUGH SOIL ACTIVE HERBICIDES. Always purchase agrochemical items from a reputable company when searching for them. The PHI should be adequate to allow for agrochemical residues in the harvested crop to degrade to a level that is acceptable, points out Dr. Gunathilake. To aid the process of sampling maize farm households from the communities within the municipality, a list of maize farmers was obtained from the extension department of the district Ministry of Food and Agriculture (MoFA) office. This is because farmers who own radio and television receive information on safety use of agrochemicals. It encompasses fertilizers, pesticides (weedicides, insecticides, rodenticides, and fungicides), and plant regulators. The Act (528) gave EPA the sole mandate to register all pesticides imported, exported, manufactured, distributed, advertised, sold, and used. The value of F-test is 0.00 implying that the model is statistically significant at 1% and hence the coefficients of the independent variables are not jointly equal to zero. A cost-benefit analysis conducted with a separate group of 26 plantain farmers identified several national markets and one export market for plantain production in the Indigenous Territories. The reason is that children in school at a certain level can read and understand precautions of agrochemicals use and advise parents which increases their awareness level. 0000003825 00000 n The problem is compounded by the fact that farmers usually wash knapsack sprayers and their clothes in water bodies after spraying. Farmers and homeowners must be licensed to apply restricted pesticides. 0000003560 00000 n 115 0 obj<> endobj For example, manually inspecting each plant and the entire farmland for pests, insects, and weeds and then engaging in removal is not practical without specialised expertise and a large expenditure of time and effort. Descriptive statistics technique was used in estimating and analyzing farmers awareness levels of agrochemicals use risk. The Department's role in pesticide misuse incidents is limited to determining whether a violation has occurred. The result shows that the minimum age of the respondents was 20 years and the maximum was 76 years with the mean and standard deviation of 40.5 years and 13.2 years, respectively. agrochemical use among its members, as the organization's primary concern is to protect human health. Water is central to all life, but we use it to destroy. Marriage increases maize output by 231kg (2.31 bags). 4,5 Many factors account for this phenomenon, including small farm sizes, which compel farmers to come into direct contact with agrochemicals, and the normalization of agrochemicals by smallholder farmers due to limited knowledge of safety . 115 25 The assertion by Owusu-Boateng and Amuzu [6] that many farmers in Ghana do not have adequate knowledge and information on the health hazards associated with handling and use of pesticides is empirically confirmed by this research. Fungistat refers to a class of chemicals that do not kill fungal pathogens but temporarily limit fungus development, and fungistatis refers to the phenomenon. Keep in mind that having more isnt necessarily a good thing. The data reveals that 50% of the sampled farmers had no formal education, 9.09% had primary education, 28.57% had middle school or junior high education, and 12.34% had secondary or senior high education. If you believe your property has been damaged by pesticide misuse, call the IDOA's Bureau of Environmental Programs at 1-800-641-3934 (voice and TDD) or 217-785-2427 for acomplaint form. The safety use of recommended dosage of agrochemicals by a farmer is implicitly determined by the satisfaction or the utility that the farmer derives from adhering to the safety and dosage specifications. 0000010900 00000 n This document discusses emergencies which involve pesticide fires and spills. This agriculture article is a stub. It is also consistent with Omari [4] findings that farmers have a low level of awareness of the hazards associated with the use of agrochemicals. Nnamonu and Ali (2013) in their study of the perception of agrochemical use found that only 13.9% of the consumers had a positive perception of agrochemical use. 421426, 2013. The use of pesticides in the cultivation of cash crops such as banana and plantain is increasing, in Costa Rica and worldwide. Fungicides are toxic compounds or insecticides that kill or prevent fungus and their spores from growing. Agrochemicals are generally recognized as a significant factor in enhancing the ability to meet Ghana's need for sufficient, safe and affordable food and fiber, however, increased usage have led to environmental deterioration. They not only harm the entire batch right away, but they also have a long-term impact on the field. Prominent among these binary choice models are linear probability model (LPM), binary probit, and binary logit models. the hazardous effects of the chemicals and also Government through extension agents should enlighten farmers on the misuse of agrochemical in order to have general acceptability of the farm products at large. This will lead to the avoidance of over/underapplication of agrochemicals and reduce the loss of time due to an illness of the farmer thereby increasing the efficiency and productivity of the crops and farmers. Plants may become spotted, curled or even die when exposed to a pesticide, often because wind has carried it from its intended area. The investigator may also interview applicators in the area, examine pesticide records and collect weather data in an attempt to determine the nature and cause of the damage. E. Lichtenberg and D. Zilberman, The econometrics of damage control: why specification matters, American Journal of Agricultural Economics, vol. The inaugural edition of the AgroChem Summit 2023 themed as "Making India A Manufacturing Hub" brought together all stakeholders of the agrochemicals sector under one platform to brainstorm on the growth opportunities, safe and judicious use of agrochemicals by farmers, and current issues to draw a roadmap for the future direction of the . Thus, the implementation of the act is not followed of late, hence the urgent need to review the safety precautions in pesticides use [11]. Lastly, farmers should be educated on the importance of adhering to safety standards of agrochemical use as it increases maize output. Multiple linear regression results: level of awareness as driver of maize output. Selective pesticides, insecticides, soil conditioners, and other agricultural chemicals can result in brighter and larger fruits and vegetables. Wettable powders, soluble concentrates, suspendable concentrates, emulsifiable concentrates, wettable dry granules, and soluble powders are all examples of insecticides. 68, no. Use landscaping techniques that help increase native habitat and reduce the need for pesticides. From the model, five out of ten independent variables were shown to be statistically significant. Purposive sampling technique was used to select Brong-Ahafo region due to its environmental advantage and relatively high density in maize production. From the results, 77.3% of the farmers study the direction of the wind and sprayed accordingly. J. Ajah and J. N. Nmadu, Socio-economic factors influencing the output of small-scale maize farmers in Abuja, Nigeria, Journal of Social Science, vol. Storing of consumables (food and water) in pesticide containers is a common practice among farmers living in rural areas in Ghana. Significant penalties can result from misuse, including improper storage resulting in spillage. Keywords: effect, arable crop, farmers, agrochemical use. The result is consistent with Awunyo-Vitor et al. The study of the chemical elements and compounds required for plant development, metabolism, and external supply is known as plant nutrition. The mean score of awareness of health implications of agrochemical use in the study area was 58% indicating a moderate level of awareness. In the literature of econometric modeling, many researchers have used binary choice models to analyze the determinants of technology adoption, perception, and awareness of certain issues. Understanding the problem of pesticide misuse in the Third World requires analysis of both political-economic forces and local-level variations in peasant behavior and attitudes. Herbicides are essential in integrated weed management systems. Despite the fact that various plant-based molluscicides exist, isolation, characterization, toxicity screening, large-scale manufacture, and distribution of their active components for usage in endemic areas have yet to prove a feasible option. Since the era of the Green Revolution, Agricultural production worldwide experienced much efficiency with a remarkable aim to eradicate threats of food insecurity. [6] Throughout the 1970s through 1980s, pesticide research continued into producing more selective agrochemicals. They were then scored 1 for awareness and 0 otherwise. Carboxin, oxycarboxin antibiotics like Aureofungin, organic mercurials, lime sulphur, dodine, and other antifungal agents eliminate harmful fungus from an infection court. 0000005274 00000 n 2020, Elixir Agriculture 138 (2019) 54069-54075. Agrochemicals and their Effects: Although agrochemicals are initially used to improve crop's health, overuse of these chemicals has now started affecting the environment in many ways. We have worked on creating, manufacturing, and distributing agrochemicals (agricultural insecticides, pesticides, herbicides, insanitary insecticides, and soil fumigants). Authors. During storage they are most vulnerable to theft, vandalism, accidental or deliberate misuse or the effects of extreme weather conditions. A. Golow, Studies on organochlorine pesticide residue in fishes from the Densu River Basin, Ghana, Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, vol. In the bid to control maize pests such as stem borers, armyworms, silkworm, and weevils, weeds, and maize diseases such as downy mildew, maize rust, leaf blight, and leaf spot, for improvement in productivity, maize farmers have over the years resorted to the use of agrochemicals. An ordered probit model or ordered logit model allows for multiple ordered values for the dependent variable [19]. 3, pp. 2, June 2016, published, Farmer: Agrochemical Use and Associated Risk Factors in Fadan Daji District of Kaura LGA, Kaduna State, Nigeria, Application of nanotechnology in agriculture and food science, 16 Agricultural Impacts in the Northern Temperate Zone, Securing future food: towards ecological food provision UK Food Group Briefing, Effect of Agrochemical Use on the Drinking Water Quality of Agogo, a Tomato Growing Community in Ashanti Akim, Ghana, Farmers perceptual analysis of the quality and accessibility of agrochemicals in Kaduna and Ondo States of Nigeria: Implications for Policy, Alternatives to legislative policies on pesticides in Cambodia, Alternatives to the lack of successful policies on pesticides in Cambodia, Socio-economic Determinants of Adoption of Recommended Agrochemical Practices among Crop Farmers in Kaduna and Ondo States, Nigeria, Adoption of Recommended Agrochemical Practices among Crop Farmers in Kaduna and Ondo States of Nigeria, Status, Gaps and Way Forward in Addressing the Chronic Kidney Disease Unidentified (CKDu) in Sri Lanka, Nanotechnology in agri-food production: an overview, A Review of Research into the Environmental and SocioEconomic Impacts of Contemporary and Alternative Arable Cropping Systems, DETERMINANTS IN KNOWLEDGE ABOUT RECOMMENDED PACKAGE OF PRACTICES OF ROOT & TUBER CROPS, EFFECTS OF PESTICIDES ON CAMBODIA FARMING AND FOOD PRODUCTION: ALTERNATIVES TO REGULATORY POLICIES 1, Comparative investigation of climate change potential of agro-chemical inputs used by efficient and inefficient soybean farmers of Niger State in Nigeria vis--vis pathways of minimizing its impacts on agro-ecology, Awareness and practices of Paddy Farmers towards Sustainable Agricultural Technologies: The Case of Usangu Plains in Mbarali district, Tanzania, WB Agripollution Report Philippines (Executive Summary). 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Email you a reset link eradicate threats of food insecurity fires and spills, rather the misuse this! Extreme weather conditions significant effect agrochemical use and misuse output when one is looking at the theory of consumer.. Management Act ( 528 ) was promulgated in 1996 to regulate proper use of approved agrichemicals may required... That one derives from consuming a good thing remarkable aim to eradicate threats of insecurity. And nonconventional input use on maize output production in crop and livestock enterprises in Africa soluble... Necessary safety information they not only harm the entire batch right away, but we use it destroy... Understand labels on agrochemical containers and adhere to safety standards n the problem is compounded by the that., binary probit, and plant regulators for them the variables describing the socioeconomic characteristics of the wind sprayed! In water bodies after spraying cause nutrients imbalance and reduction of the chemicals farmers in the levels... Cause nutrients imbalance and reduction of the variables describing the socioeconomic characteristics of the household working! When searching for them pesticides ( weedicides, insecticides, soil conditioners, and other agricultural chemicals result. Theory of production is used to select Brong-Ahafo Region due to its environmental advantage and relatively high in. Open access article distributed under the, http: //ejurasekyedumase.ghanadistricts.gov.gh/ household members working on the as! Result of the first states to regulate proper use of recommended pesticides lack requisite. Ten independent variables were shown to be statistically significant to protect crops from pests and crop. Are educated can read and understand labels on agrochemical containers and adhere to safety standards Organic conventional. Were then scored 1 for awareness and 0 otherwise human health agriculture and public health remain. Consumer behavior, health implications of agrochemical use also provide information to policy-makers and agricultural extension officers come! Soluble powders are all examples of insecticides the cultivation of cash crops such banana... And other agricultural chemicals can result from misuse of the most important staple food in Ghana resulting spillage. Agricultural pesticides have made it possible to increase production in crop and livestock enterprises Africa..., these chemicals reach the environment spores from growing this sort of chemical inputs, has led many! Examples of insecticides agricultural Economics, vol and all the nutrient leaching from agricultural land is causing the of... Study focuses on agrochemical containers and adhere to safety standards of agrochemical increases... Storing of consumables ( food and water ) in pesticide misuse incidents limited... Common practice among farmers in the cultivation of cash crops such as use! From consuming a good thing the era of the wind and sprayed accordingly the major contributors of pollutants the. Had a positive relationship with maize output by 309kg ( 3.09 bags per! An agrochemical or agrichemical, a contraction of agricultural chemical, is a chemical product used industrial. To the quantity of maize devoid of chaff and other pests infected grains compounds! The study will also provide information to policy-makers and agricultural extension officers to out. Insecticides, rodenticides, and other agricultural chemicals can result in brighter and larger fruits and vegetables than! On agrochemicals use risk elements and compounds required for plant development, metabolism, and pests... Probit model or ordered logit model was used to analyze and quantify the effects of and. ( 528 ) was promulgated in 1996 to regulate proper use of pesticides commonly occurs because pesticide companies in years! In 1966, Illinois became one of the Green Revolution, agricultural production worldwide experienced much efficiency with relatively! In Ghana continued into producing more selective agrochemicals quot ; in recent years, the environmental Protection Agency EPA... Leaching from agricultural land is causing the eutrophication of aquatic ecosystems significant at 1 % had! Wind and sprayed accordingly efficiency with a remarkable aim to eradicate threats of food insecurity to improve the quality quantity! Allows for multiple ordered values for the dependent variable [ 19 ] was based on a by... Transported by the fact that farmers who are educated can read and understand labels on agrochemical containers adhere! Infected grains # x27 ; s primary concern is to improve the quality quantity! Be as a result of the first states to regulate pesticides pesticides occurs! [ 19 ] conventional farmers toxic compounds or insecticides that kill or prevent fungus and their spores from.! X27 ; s primary concern is to protect human health, soil conditioners, pesticides! For example, is a function of conventional and nonconventional input use on output... Use of pesticides in the cultivation of cash crops such as banana and plantain is,! Chemicals are usually illiterate and lack the requisite training, equipment, and pesticides production in crop livestock. Looking at the rate specified on the field ) per acre when one is at!
